Saturday, July 21, 2018

Film History of Bangladesh

July 21, 2018
Bangladeshi cinema has been made based on Bengali language film industry and specially Dhaka centric. As Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. So, the film industry is also founded in Dhaka, Bangladesh.It is referred as ''Dhallywood'' which is portmanteau of the words Dhaka and Hollywood and frequently it has been significant after 1970s. Bangladeshi cinema has its own history and heritages. There have been created some famous directors such as Subhas Dutta, Fateh Lohani, Zahir Raihan, Khan Ataur Rahman, Ritwik Ghatak, Ehtesham, Alamgir Kabir, Chashi Nazrul Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun, Gazi, Mazharul Anwar, Sheikh Niamat Ali, Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Zahidur Rahim Anjan, Mostafa Sarwar Farooki, Kamar Ahmed Saimon, Amitabh Reza Chowdhury, Bijon Imtiaz, Fakrul Arefeen Khan, Dipankar Sengupta Dipon and some other directors who have significant contributions to Bangladeshi cinema. Cinema was first introduced in Bangladesh in 1898 by Bradford Bioscope Company. The first production company named ''Picture House'' was opened between 1913 and 1914. A short silent film titled ''Sukumari'' (The Good Girl) was the first produced film in Bangladesh during 1928. The first full length film 'The last Kiss' was released in 1931. After the separation of India and Pakistan, Dhaka is the center of Bangladeshi cinema. The first full length Bengali language film titled ''Mukh-O-Mukhosh'' (The Face and the Mask) was directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan in 1956. Before the liberation war of Bangladesh, some movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors but it was little. After the liberation war of Bangladesh, thousand of movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors. Specially, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s are the golden years for cinema in Bangladesh. Some significant film distribution companies in Bangladesh are Jaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, The Abhi Kothachitra, Impress Telefilm limited and some others. History 1) On 28th December, 1895, the Lumiere Brothers began commercial bioscope shows in Paris, France 2) After 6 months, Lumiere Brothers showcased the first bioscope in the subcontinent on 7 July, 1896. They showed it for some years in Calcutta. 3) Stephen an Englishman came Dhaka and showed Bioscope around 1896 to 1897. 4) According to the weekly 'Dhaka Prokash' 17 April 1898. (3rd Boishakh, 1305 Bengali year) the first bioscope was shown at the Crown Theatre in Patuatuli, near Sadarghat of Dhaka. 5) The Bradford Bioscope Company of Calcutta arranged the shows. The shows were 2,3,4, 5 minutes and the short films were fond of news items and short features. 6) The following short films were shown at the theatre a) The Jubilee Michili of Queen Victoria b) Greek-Turkey Battle c) The Jump of Princes Diana from 300 feet up d) The Introduction of Russian Prince Jeer e) The work of a mad hair-cutter f) The game of lion and Manik g) The game of snow h) The French Underground Railway.... 7) Then ticket fee was very high. it was 8 Anas to 3 Taka. Then 40 kg rice was available at 2 taka 4 Anas. 8) Hiralal Sen is the father of Bengali cinema. He is from Bogjuri village, Manikganj District, Bangladesh.He sets up ' The Royal Bioscope Company' in 1898. 9) He showed the short films at Star Theater, Minerva Theater, Classic Theater in Calcutta. 10) Thus he developed the production company in Calcutta in 1901. 11) Hiralal Sen First shot at Bogjuri village, Manikganj and it was the first shooting of Bangladesh. 12) The short films were shown in Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Hollywood and Paris. 13) The first sequential show was started in a Jute store of Argoni Tota in Dhaka during 1913 to1914. The house is called 'The Picture House' and it was the first theater in Bangladesh. Silent Era 1) The production company ''The Royal Bioscope Company'' is established in Calcutta in 1890s by Hiralal Sen. Thereafter in many places, he started shooting and the silent short films were shown in the above theaters. 2) Hiralal Sen himself made ''Madan theater in 1916. 3) The first feature Bengali language film ''Bill-Wamangal'' is shown in Madan Theater in Calcutta. It was directed by Rustomji Dhotiwala and released on 8 November in 1919. 4) The Indo British Film Co was formed in Calcutta and Dhirendra Nath Ganguly ( known as D.G) was the owner of the organization. He was very relative to the famous poet Rabindra Nath Tagore. 5) ''Bilat Ferat (1921) was the first production of Indo British Fim Co and it was directed and story written by D.G. 6) The first talkie film is ''Jamai Shashthi'' (1931) directed by Amar Chowdhury and it was shown in the Madan Theater. 7) The Nawab Family of Dhaka produced two films one is short and the other is full length. 'Sukumari' (1929) and 'The last Kiss' (1931) are made by the Dhaka Royal family. At that time approximately 80 theaters were in Bangladesh. 8) 'Sukumari' (1929) is created by some sportsman, dramatists and photographers. Khaza Adil, Khaza Akmol, Khaza nasirullah, khaza Azmol, Khaza Zohir, Khaza Azad, Soyod Shahebe Alam, physical teacher of Jagannath College Ombujgupta, professor of Dhaka University Andalib Shadhini and some others acted in the film. But Khaza Nosrullah is the main actor and Soyod Abdus Sobhan starred as the main actress. As then no woman could act. So, he starred as the main actress. There is no video of 'Sukumari' (1929) in Bangladesh Film Archive but only a still picture is kept in Bangladesh Film Archive. 9) The Royal Family of Dhaka directed another film 'The Last Kiss' (1931) in Dhaka. It was directed by Ambujgupta. The main actor of the film was Khaza Azmol. Though the film was silent but Ambujgupta added Bangali, English and Urdu subtitle so that the whole people of the subcontinent could enjoy it. Ambujgupta wrote Bengali and English subtitle of the film and Dr. Andalib shadhini wrote Urdu subtitle of the film. 10) The film is shown at Mukul Hall in Dhaka and in the next time the print of the film was taken to The Aurora Company in Calcutta to show big presentation. But the print was lost. The developers of the film wanted Dhaka would be developed in cinema, art, literature and production company. So, they formed a production house named 'Dhaka East Bengal Cinematograph Society' and it was the first film producing company in Bangladesh. Pakistan Era (1947-1971) 1) There were approximately 80 cinemas by 1947 in Bangladesh. 2) In Our Midst (1948) is a informational film directed by Nazir Ahmed. Salamot (1954) is also directed by Nazir Ahmed. 3) Appayon (1955) is created by co-operative filmmakers and Saroar Hossain. 4) In 1955, a film studio and laboratory is established in Tejgaon, Dhaka. 5) In next year, on 3 August, 1956, The Face and the Mask is released in Bangladesh. The film is directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan. He took the story from his drama (Dakat). All processing of the film is done in Lahore, Pakistan. It becomes the first Bengali language full length talkie film of Bangladesh. 6) On 27 March 1957 'The East Pakistan Film Development Corporation Bill' is introduced by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Bill was passed on 3 April, 1957 in the 'East Bengal Provincial Assembly'. All the procedures began from 19 June, 1957. Nazir Ahmed played an important role to establish FDC. Government made him creative director of FDC. 7) Asiya (1960) is directed by Fateh Lohani which got president award in 1961 as the best film. 9)East Pakistan Film Development Corporation (EPFDC) is established on 3 April, 1957. And Asiya is released in 1960. It was not EPFDC's first film. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the Earth) (1959) is the first film of EPFDC and directed by Fateh Lohani. 10) In the same year, Bengali-Urdu film 'Jago Hua Savera' 'The Day shall Dawn' (1959) is directed by the prominent director A.J. Kardar and Zahir Raihan was the assistant director of the film. The story of the film was taken from 'Padma Nadir Majhi' (The Boatman on the River Padma, 1936) by Bengali novelist Manik Bandopadhyay. The film was selected as the Pakistani entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 32nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film got 11 international awards. It was also entered into the 1st Moscow International Film festival where it won a Golden Medal. 11) Except EPFDC, there were three famous studios in Bangladesh. They were the Popular Studio, Bari Studio and Bengal Studio. 12) in 1959, only three Bengali film and one Bengali-Urdu films are released. Matir Pahar (The Clay Hill) (1959) is directed by Mohiuddin. E Desh Tomar Amar (1959) is directed by Ehtesham. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the earth) (1959) is directed by Fateh Lohani and the Bengali-Urdu film Jago Hua Savera (The Day Shall Dawn) (1959) is directed by A.J. Kardar. At that time Ehtesham made his 'Rajdhanir Buke (1960). There are some Bengali, Urdu and Hindi films in which Fateh Lohani acted such as ; Raja Elo Shohore (1964), Tanha (1964), Behula (1966), Phir Milenge Hum Dono (1966), Agun Niya Khela (1967), Julekha (1967), Atotuku Asha (1968), Momer Alo (1968), Mayer Shonshar (1969), Mishor Kumari (1970),Tansen (1970), Je Nodi Morupothe (1961), Shurjosnan (1962), Dharapat (1963) One of the most prominent film director of 1960s is Zahir Raihan. Some of his notable works are;Je Nodi Morupothe (1961) as an Assistant director, Kokhono Asheni (1961), Shonar Kajol (1962), as an associated director, Kacher Deyal (1963), Shangam (1964) the first Pakistani Color film, Bahana (1965), Behula (1966), Anowara (1967), Dui Bhai (1968), Let There Be Light (1970), Taka Ana Paay (1970), Jibon Theke Neya (1970). Jibon Theke Neya is the most important film of Zahir Raihan which has a great influence of Bangladesh Liberation War. Zahir Raihan added Amar Shonar Bangla written by Rabindranath Tagore in Jibon Theke Neya (1970) which later became the National Anthem of Bangladesh. In 1971 he made a documentary Stop Genocide on Bangladesh Liberation War. Another prominent director, film actor, producer, screenplay writer, music composer and singer is Khan Ataur Rahman. Some of his notable works are; Onek Diner Chena (1963), Raja Sanyasi (1964-65), Nawab Sirajuddaula (1967), Orun Borun Kironmala (1968), Jowar Bhata (1969). He acted in many films such as Kokhono Asheni (1961), Jago Hua Savera (1959), Kancher Deyal (1963), Jibon Theke Neya (1970), Saat Bhai Champa (1968), 1970s In 1970 total 41 films were released. Some notable films are; Shorolipi (1970) directed by Nazrul Islam, Taka Ana Paay (1970) and Jibon Theke Neya (1970) directed by Zahir Raihan. Jibon Theke Neya (1970) is described as the example of National Cinema. There are some other notable cinema of 1970 such as Mishor Kumari (1970) by Karigir, Tansen (1970) by Rafikul Bari, Bindu Theke Britto (1970) by Rebeka, Binimoy (1970) by Subhash Dutta, Kothai Jeno Dekhechi (1970) by Nizamul Hoque. In 1971, during the liberation war, only 6 Bengali and 2 Urdu films were released. They are the ; Shorolipi by Nazrul Islam, Nacher Putul (1971) by Ashok Ghosh, Sritituku Thak (1971) by Alamgir Kumkum, Shukh Dukkho (1971) by Khan Ataur Rahman, The international acclaimed documentary Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan. After the liberation war, the East Pakistan Film Development Corporation(EPFDC) had changed into Bangladesh Film Development Corporation (BFDC). In 1972, 29 films were released. After independence, the film artists and directors started to make many many films. They made the films from anger to the Pakistani. In 1979, 51 Bengali films were released. In 1990s, every year over 90 films were being released. Ora Egaro Jon (1972) was directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam. After Independence, one of the prominent film director was Alamgir Kabir. There are some notable works of him such as Dhire Bohe Meghna (1973), Shurjo Konya (1976), Simana Periye (1977), Rupali Shoykote (1979), Mohona (1982), Porinita (1984) and Mohanayok (1985). One of the greatest films during these time was Titas Ekti Nadir naam (1973) directed by Ritwik Ghatak. Some other notable films of 1970s are Joy Bangla (1972) by Fakrul Alam, Lalon Fakir (1972) by Syed Hasan Imam, Obujh Mon (1972) by Kazi Johir,Rangbaaj (1973) by Johirul Haque, Shongram (1974) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Arunodoyer Agnishakkhi (1972), Bashundhara (1977) by Subhash Dutta, Erao Manush (1972), Alor Michil (1974), Lathial (1975) by Narayan Ghosh Mita,Beymaan (1974) by Rujul Amin, Choritrohin (1975) by Bebi Islam, Megher Onek Rong (1976) by Harunur Rashid, Jadur Banshi (1977) by Abdul Latif Bacchu, Golapi Ekhon Traine (1978) by Amjad Hossain, Sareng Bou (1978) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Oshikkhitito (1978) by Azizur Rahman, The Father (1979) by Kazi Hayat, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker. Surjo Dighal Bari was one of the important and highly international acclaimed film based on a novel of the same name by Abu Ishaque. In 1975, government had taken some steps to develop the film industry. So government had started national film award, donation fund for well and creative films. 1980s Actually 1970s and 1980s were the golden era for the Bengali cinema. At that time a lot of films were released. In this time most of the actors and actresses became popular. Abdur Razzak became the most successful actor commercially. Besides, Kabori Sarwar, Shabana, Farida Akhter Bobita, Farooque, Shabnam, Kohinoor Akhter Suchanda, Alamgir, Sohell Rana, Amol Bose, BUlbul Ahmed, Zafar Ikbal, Wasim, Ilias Kanchan, Jashim, Rozina, Parveen Sultana Diti, Champa and others were most prominent film artists. In 1980s most of the Bengali films were made influenced by Indian cinema. There were some notable Bengali cinema such as Chhutir Ghonta (1980)by Azizur Rahman, Emiler Goenda Bahini (1980) by Badal Rahman, Shoki Tumi Kar (1980), Akhoni Shomoy (1980) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Lal Shobujer Pala (1980), Obichar (1985) by Syed hasan Imam, Koshai (1980), Jonmo Theke Jolchi (1981), Bhat De (1984) by Amjad Hossain, Devdas (1982), Chandranath (1984), Shuvoda (1987) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Smriti Tumi Bedona (1980) by Dilip Shom, Mohona (1982), Porinita (1986) by Alamgir Kabir, Boro Bhalo Lok Chilo (1982) by Mohammad Mohiuddin,Puroskar (1983) by C>B Zaman, Maan Somman (1983) by A>J Mintu, Nazma (1983), Shokal Shondha (1984), Fulshojja (1986) by Subhash Dutta, Rajbari (1984) by Kazi Hayat, Griholokkhi (1984) by Kamal Ahmed, Dahan (1986) by Sheikh Niamat Ali, Shot Bhai (1985) by Abdur Razzak, Ramer Shumoti (1985) by Shahidul Amin, Rajlokkhi-Srikanto (1986) by Bulbul Ahmed, Harano Shur (1987) by Narayan Ghosh Mita, Dayi Ke (1987) by Aftab Khan Tulu, Tolpar (1988) by Kabir Anowar and Biraj Bou (1988) by Mohiuddin Faruk. Actually Parallel cinema movement started from this decade. The next decade's directors are influenced from this decade's directors works. 1990s In 1990s most of the Bengali films are copied from Indian cinema. As a result the directors lost their creativity. But some new directors came and made creative cinema. In this decade most of the films are fulled with action, dance, song and jokes. But some intellectual directors such as Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Nasiruddin Yousuff, Akhteruzzamn and Mustafizur Rahman made some international acclaimed films. Alamgir, Jashim, Ilias Kanchan Nayeem, Salman Shah are some male actors who became successful. Manna gained success through the film Danga (1991), Riaz for Praner Cheye Priyo (1997) and Omar Sani for Coolie (1997). 2000s In this decade, most of the films are made with low budget. The films are of very low quality and cheap melodrama. Some unexpected over acting and sexuality entered into the Bengali cinema. Industry started very poor business. So Bangladesh film industry lost its heritage. At last Bangladesh government helped and held film industry. It tried to bounce back after 2006-07. Besides, there are some successful films in this decade such as Monpura (2009), Priya Amar Priya (2008), Koti Takar Kabin (2006), Chacchu (2006), Khairun Sundori (2004), Amar Praner Swami (2007), Pitar Ason (2006), Tumi Swapno Tumi Shadhona (2008), Mone Prane Acho tumi (2008),Amar Shopno Tumi (2005), Bolbo Kotha Bashor Ghore (2009) and some others. Most successful films in this period starred by Shakib Khan followed by Manna. Moderately successful actors are Ferdous Ahmed and Riaz. 2010s Most of the films are made in this period with high budget. Four of the ten highly grossing films are released in 2010s. New and new production company are made. This time is very possible moment for commercial films. The production and distribution company Mon Soon Films, Zaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, Fatema Films, SK Films and some other production company are made. In this time some high grossing films became successful such as Gohine Shobdo (2010), Runway (2010), Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011), Guerrilla (2011), Television (2013), Agnee (2014), Romeo vs Juliet (2015), Jalal's Story (2015), Aynabazi (2016), Shikari (2016), Badsha The Don (2016), Dhaka Attack (2017), Nabab (2017), Boss 2 (2017), Poramon 2 (2018), Chalbaaz (2018) and some others.Top actors in this period are Shakib Khan, as well as Ananta Jalil, Arefin Shuvo, Bappy Chowdhury, Symon Sadik, Jayed Khan, Chanchal Choedhury and some others. International Acclaimed Films There are some international acclaimed films which are the best films all the time in Bangladesh. They are the; Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan, A River Called Titas (1973) by Ritwik Ghatak, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker, Song of Freedom (1995) by Tareque Masud, The Clay Bird (2002) by Tareque Masud, Chitra Nodir Pare (1999) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalsalu (2001) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalon (2004), by Tanvir Mokammel, Kittonkhola (2000) by Abu Sayeed, Shankhonad (2004) by Abu Sayeed, Rupantor (2008) by Abu Sayeed, Are You Listening! (2012) by Kamar Ahmed saimon, Aguner Poroshmoni (1994) by Humayun Ahmed, Shayamol Chhaya (2004) by Humayun Ahmed, Dupu Number Two (1996) by Morshedul Islam, Duratta (2004) by Morshedul Islam, Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011) by Morshedul Islam, Aha! (2007) by Enamul Karim Nirjhar, On the Wings of Dreams (2007)by Golam Rabbani Biplob, Monpura (2009) by Giasuddin Selim, Third Person Singular Number (2009) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Television (2013) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, No Bed of Roses by by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Joyjatra (2004) by Taukuir Ahmed, Oggyatnama (2016) by Taukuir Ahmed, Matir Projar Deshe (2016) by Bijon Imtiaz, Aynabazi (2016) by Amitabh Reza Chowdhury. Film Festival: Dhaka International Film Festival, Bangladesh Short Film Forum, International Short and Indendent Film Festival, International Children's Film Festival and some others are here in Bangladesh. Awards: 1) Bachsas Film Awards since 1972 2) National Film Awards since 1975 3) Meril Prothom Alo since 1998 4) Babisas since 2004 5) Ifad Film Club Award since 2012 6) Lux Channel I Performance Award 7) Green Bang Binodon Bichitra Performance Award Approximate number of Films are released in which year how many. 2018___ 2017___63 films 2016___58 2015___66 2014___78 2013___53 2012___51 2011___48 2010___57 2009___63 2008___67 2007___96 2006___98 2005___103 2004___88 2003___79 2002___82 2001___72 2000___99 1992___72 1990___70 1989___77 1988___65 1987___65 1986___67 1985___65 1984___53 1983___44 1982___40 1981___39 1980___47 1978___37 1977___31 1976___46 1975___34 1974___30 1973___30 1972___29 1971___8 1970___41 References: 1. Wikipedia 2. Banglapedia 3.IMDb 4.BMDb Film History of Bangladesh_BD Films Info Bangladeshi cinema has been made based on Bengali language film industry and specially Dhaka centric. As Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. So, the film industry is also founded in Dhaka, Bangladesh.It is referred as ''Dhallywood'' which is portmanteau of the words Dhaka and Hollywood and frequently it has been significant after 1970s. Bangladeshi cinema has its own history and heritages. There have been created some famous directors such as Subhas Dutta, Fateh Lohani, Zahir Raihan, Khan Ataur Rahman, Ritwik Ghatak, Ehtesham, Alamgir Kabir, Chashi Nazrul Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun, Gazi, Mazharul Anwar, Sheikh Niamat Ali, Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Zahidur Rahim Anjan, Mostafa Sarwar Farooki, Kamar Ahmed Saimon, Amitabh Reza Chowdhury, Bijon Imtiaz, Fakrul Arefeen Khan, Dipankar Sengupta Dipon and some other directors who have significant contributions to Bangladeshi cinema. Cinema was first introduced in Bangladesh in 1898 by Bradford Bioscope Company. The first production company named ''Picture House'' was opened between 1913 and 1914. A short silent film titled ''Sukumari'' (The Good Girl) was the first produced film in Bangladesh during 1928. The first full length film 'The last Kiss' was released in 1931. After the separation of India and Pakistan, Dhaka is the center of Bangladeshi cinema. The first full length Bengali language film titled ''Mukh-O-Mukhosh'' (The Face and the Mask) was directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan in 1956. Before the liberation war of Bangladesh, some movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors but it was little. After the liberation war of Bangladesh, thousand of movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors. Specially, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s are the golden years for cinema in Bangladesh. Some significant film distribution companies in Bangladesh are Jaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, The Abhi Kothachitra, Impress Telefilm limited and some others. History 1) On 28th December, 1895, the Lumiere Brothers began commercial bioscope shows in Paris, France 2) After 6 months, Lumiere Brothers showcased the first bioscope in the subcontinent on 7 July, 1896. They showed it for some years in Calcutta. 3) Stephen an Englishman came Dhaka and showed Bioscope around 1896 to 1897. 4) According to the weekly 'Dhaka Prokash' 17 April 1898. (3rd Boishakh, 1305 Bengali year) the first bioscope was shown at the Crown Theatre in Patuatuli, near Sadarghat of Dhaka. 5) The Bradford Bioscope Company of Calcutta arranged the shows. The shows were 2,3,4, 5 minutes and the short films were fond of news items and short features. 6) The following short films were shown at the theatre a) The Jubilee Michili of Queen Victoria b) Greek-Turkey Battle c) The Jump of Princes Diana from 300 feet up d) The Introduction of Russian Prince Jeer e) The work of a mad hair-cutter f) The game of lion and Manik g) The game of snow h) The French Underground Railway.... 7) Then ticket fee was very high. it was 8 Anas to 3 Taka. Then 40 kg rice was available at 2 taka 4 Anas. 8) Hiralal Sen is the father of Bengali cinema. He is from Bogjuri village, Manikganj District, Bangladesh.He sets up ' The Royal Bioscope Company' in 1898. 9) He showed the short films at Star Theater, Minerva Theater, Classic Theater in Calcutta. 10) Thus he developed the production company in Calcutta in 1901. 11) Hiralal Sen First shot at Bogjuri village, Manikganj and it was the first shooting of Bangladesh. 12) The short films were shown in Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Hollywood and Paris. 13) The first sequential show was started in a Jute store of Argoni Tola in Dhaka during 1913 to1914. The house is called 'The Picture House' and it was the first theater in Bangladesh. Silent Era 1) The production company ''The Royal Bioscope Company'' is established in Calcutta in 1890s by Hiralal Sen. Thereafter in many places, he started shooting and the silent short films were shown in the above theaters. 2) Hiralal Sen himself made ''Madan theater in 1916. 3) The first feature Bengali language film ''Bill-Wamangal'' is shown in Madan Theater in Calcutta. It was directed by Rustomji Dhotiwala and released on 8 November in 1919. 4) The Indo British Film Co was formed in Calcutta and Dhirendra Nath Ganguly ( known as D.G) was the owner of the organization. He was very relative to the famous poet Rabindra Nath Tagore. 5) ''Bilat Ferat (1921) was the first production of Indo British Fim Co and it was directed and story written by D.G. 6) The first talkie film is ''Jamai Shashthi'' (1931) directed by Amar Chowdhury and it was shown in the Madan Theater. 7) The Nawab Family of Dhaka produced two films one is short and the other is full length. 'Sukumari' (1929) and 'The last Kiss' (1931) are made by the Dhaka Royal family. At that time approximately 80 theaters were in Bangladesh. 8) 'Sukumari' (1929) is created by some sportsman, dramatists and photographers. Khaza Adil, Khaza Akmol, Khaza nasirullah, khaza Azmol, Khaza Zohir, Khaza Azad, Soyod Shahebe Alam, physical teacher of Jagannath College Ombujgupta, professor of Dhaka University Andalib Shadhini and some others acted in the film. But Khaza Nosrullah is the main actor and Soyod Abdus Sobhan starred as the main actress. As then no woman could act. So, he starred as the main actress. There is no video of 'Sukumari' (1929) in Bangladesh Film Archive but only a still picture is kept in Bangladesh Film Archive. 9) The Royal Family of Dhaka directed another film 'The Last Kiss' (1931) in Dhaka. It was directed by Ambujgupta. The main actor of the film was Khaza Azmol. Though the film was silent but Ambujgupta added Bangali, English and Urdu subtitle so that the whole people of the subcontinent could enjoy it. Ambujgupta wrote Bengali and English subtitle of the film and Dr. Andalib shadhini wrote Urdu subtitle of the film. 10) The film is shown at Mukul Hall in Dhaka and in the next time the print of the film was taken to The Aurora Company in Calcutta to show big presentation. But the print was lost. The developers of the film wanted Dhaka would be developed in cinema, art, literature and production company. So, they formed a production house named 'Dhaka East Bengal Cinematograph Society' and it was the first film producing company in Bangladesh. Bangladeshi cinema has been made based on Bengali language film industry and specially Dhaka centric. As Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. So, the film industry is also founded in Dhaka, Bangladesh.It is referred as ''Dhallywood'' which is portmanteau of the words Dhaka and Hollywood and frequently it has been significant after 1970s. Bangladeshi cinema has its own history and heritages. There have been created some famous directors such as Subhas Dutta, Fateh Lohani, Zahir Raihan, Khan Ataur Rahman, Ritwik Ghatak, Ehtesham, Alamgir Kabir, Chashi Nazrul Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun, Gazi, Mazharul Anwar, Sheikh Niamat Ali, Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Zahidur Rahim Anjan, Mostafa Sarwar Farooki, Kamar Ahmed Saimon, Amitabh Reza Chowdhury, Bijon Imtiaz, Fakrul Arefeen Khan, Dipankar Sengupta Dipon and some other directors who have significant contributions to Bangladeshi cinema. Cinema was first introduced in Bangladesh in 1898 by Bradford Bioscope Company. The first production company named ''Picture House'' was opened between 1913 and 1914. A short silent film titled ''Sukumari'' (The Good Girl) was the first produced film in Bangladesh during 1928. The first full length film 'The last Kiss' was released in 1931. After the separation of India and Pakistan, Dhaka is the center of Bangladeshi cinema. The first full length Bengali language film titled ''Mukh-O-Mukhosh'' (The Face and the Mask) was directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan in 1956. Before the liberation war of Bangladesh, some movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors but it was little. After the liberation war of Bangladesh, thousand of movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors. Specially, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s are the golden years for cinema in Bangladesh. Some significant film distribution companies in Bangladesh are Jaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, The Abhi Kothachitra, Impress Telefilm limited and some others. History 1) On 28th December, 1895, the Lumiere Brothers began commercial bioscope shows in Paris, France 2) After 6 months, Lumiere Brothers showcased the first bioscope in the subcontinent on 7 July, 1896. They showed it for some years in Calcutta. 3) Stephen an Englishman came Dhaka and showed Bioscope around 1896 to 1897. 4) According to the weekly 'Dhaka Prokash' 17 April 1898. (3rd Boishakh, 1305 Bengali year) the first bioscope was shown at the Crown Theatre in Patuatuli, near Sadarghat of Dhaka. 5) The Bradford Bioscope Company of Calcutta arranged the shows. The shows were 2,3,4, 5 minutes and the short films were fond of news items and short features. 6) The following short films were shown at the theatre a) The Jubilee Michili of Queen Victoria b) Greek-Turkey Battle c) The Jump of Princes Diana from 300 feet up d) The Introduction of Russian Prince Jeer e) The work of a mad hair-cutter f) The game of lion and Manik g) The game of snow h) The French Underground Railway.... 7) Then ticket fee was very high. it was 8 Anas to 3 Taka. Then 40 kg rice was available at 2 taka 4 Anas. 8) Hiralal Sen is the father of Bengali cinema. He is from Bogjuri village, Manikganj District, Bangladesh.He sets up ' The Royal Bioscope Company' in 1898. 9) He showed the short films at Star Theater, Minerva Theater, Classic Theater in Calcutta. 10) Thus he developed the production company in Calcutta in 1901. 11) Hiralal Sen First shot at Bogjuri village, Manikganj and it was the first shooting of Bangladesh. 12) The short films were shown in Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Hollywood and Paris. 13) The first sequential show was started in a Jute store of Argoni Tota in Dhaka during 1913 to1914. The house is called 'The Picture House' and it was the first theater in Bangladesh. Silent Era 1) The production company ''The Royal Bioscope Company'' is established in Calcutta in 1890s by Hiralal Sen. Thereafter in many places, he started shooting and the silent short films were shown in the above theaters. 2) Hiralal Sen himself made ''Madan theater in 1916. 3) The first feature Bengali language film ''Bill-Wamangal'' is shown in Madan Theater in Calcutta. It was directed by Rustomji Dhotiwala and released on 8 November in 1919. 4) The Indo British Film Co was formed in Calcutta and Dhirendra Nath Ganguly ( known as D.G) was the owner of the organization. He was very relative to the famous poet Rabindra Nath Tagore. 5) ''Bilat Ferat (1921) was the first production of Indo British Fim Co and it was directed and story written by D.G. 6) The first talkie film is ''Jamai Shashthi'' (1931) directed by Amar Chowdhury and it was shown in the Madan Theater. 7) The Nawab Family of Dhaka produced two films one is short and the other is full length. 'Sukumari' (1929) and 'The last Kiss' (1931) are made by the Dhaka Royal family. At that time approximately 80 theaters were in Bangladesh. 8) 'Sukumari' (1929) is created by some sportsman, dramatists and photographers. Khaza Adil, Khaza Akmol, Khaza nasirullah, khaza Azmol, Khaza Zohir, Khaza Azad, Soyod Shahebe Alam, physical teacher of Jagannath College Ombujgupta, professor of Dhaka University Andalib Shadhini and some others acted in the film. But Khaza Nosrullah is the main actor and Soyod Abdus Sobhan starred as the main actress. As then no woman could act. So, he starred as the main actress. There is no video of 'Sukumari' (1929) in Bangladesh Film Archive but only a still picture is kept in Bangladesh Film Archive. 9) The Royal Family of Dhaka directed another film 'The Last Kiss' (1931) in Dhaka. It was directed by Ambujgupta. The main actor of the film was Khaza Azmol. Though the film was silent but Ambujgupta added Bangali, English and Urdu subtitle so that the whole people of the subcontinent could enjoy it. Ambujgupta wrote Bengali and English subtitle of the film and Dr. Andalib shadhini wrote Urdu subtitle of the film. 10) The film is shown at Mukul Hall in Dhaka and in the next time the print of the film was taken to The Aurora Company in Calcutta to show big presentation. But the print was lost. The developers of the film wanted Dhaka would be developed in cinema, art, literature and production company. So, they formed a production house named 'Dhaka East Bengal Cinematograph Society' and it was the first film producing company in Bangladesh. Pakistan Era (1947-1971) 1) There were approximately 80 cinemas by 1947 in Bangladesh. 2) In Our Midst (1948) is a informational film directed by Nazir Ahmed. Salamot (1954) is also directed by Nazir Ahmed. 3) Appayon (1955) is created by co-operative filmmakers and Saroar Hossain. 4) In 1955, a film studio and laboratory is established in Tejgaon, Dhaka. 5) In next year, on 3 August, 1956, The Face and the Mask is released in Bangladesh. The film is directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan. He took the story from his drama (Dakat). All processing of the film is done in Lahore, Pakistan. It becomes the first Bengali language full length talkie film of Bangladesh. 6) On 27 March 1957 'The East Pakistan Film Development Corporation Bill' is introduced by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Bill was passed on 3 April, 1957 in the 'East Bengal Provincial Assembly'. All the procedures began from 19 June, 1957. Nazir Ahmed played an important role to establish FDC. Government made him creative director of FDC. 7) Asiya (1960) is directed by Fateh Lohani which got president award in 1961 as the best film. 9)East Pakistan Film Development Corporation (EPFDC) is established on 3 April, 1957. And Asiya is released in 1960. It was not EPFDC's first film. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the Earth) (1959) is the first film of EPFDC and directed by Fateh Lohani. 10) In the same year, Bengali-Urdu film 'Jago Hua Savera' 'The Day shall Dawn' (1959) is directed by the prominent director A.J. Kardar and Zahir Raihan was the assistant director of the film. The story of the film was taken from 'Padma Nadir Majhi' (The Boatman on the River Padma, 1936) by Bengali novelist Manik Bandopadhyay. The film was selected as the Pakistani entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 32nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film got 11 international awards. It was also entered into the 1st Moscow International Film festival where it won a Golden Medal. 11) Except EPFDC, there were three famous studios in Bangladesh. They were the Popular Studio, Bari Studio and Bengal Studio. 12) in 1959, only three Bengali film and one Bengali-Urdu films are released. Matir Pahar (The Clay Hill) (1959) is directed by Mohiuddin. E Desh Tomar Amar (1959) is directed by Ehtesham. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the earth) (1959) is directed by Fateh Lohani and the Bengali-Urdu film Jago Hua Savera (The Day Shall Dawn) (1959) is directed by A.J. Kardar. At that time Ehtesham made his 'Rajdhanir Buke (1960). There are some Bengali, Urdu and Hindi films in which Fateh Lohani acted such as ; Raja Elo Shohore (1964), Tanha (1964), Behula (1966), Phir Milenge Hum Dono (1966), Agun Niya Khela (1967), Julekha (1967), Atotuku Asha (1968), Momer Alo (1968), Mayer Shonshar (1969), Mishor Kumari (1970),Tansen (1970), Je Nodi Morupothe (1961), Shurjosnan (1962), Dharapat (1963) One of the most prominent film director of 1960s is Zahir Raihan. Some of his notable works are;Je Nodi Morupothe (1961) as an Assistant director, Kokhono Asheni (1961), Shonar Kajol (1962), as an associated director, Kacher Deyal (1963), Shangam (1964) the first Pakistani Color film, Bahana (1965), Behula (1966), Anowara (1967), Dui Bhai (1968), Let There Be Light (1970), Taka Ana Paay (1970), Jibon Theke Neya (1970). Jibon Theke Neya is the most important film of Zahir Raihan which has a great influence of Bangladesh Liberation War. Zahir Raihan added Amar Shonar Bangla written by Rabindranath Tagore in Jibon Theke Neya (1970) which later became the National Anthem of Bangladesh. In 1971 he made a documentary Stop Genocide on Bangladesh Liberation War. Another prominent director, film actor, producer, screenplay writer, music composer and singer is Khan Ataur Rahman. Some of his notable works are; Onek Diner Chena (1963), Raja Sanyasi (1964-65), Nawab Sirajuddaula (1967), Orun Borun Kironmala (1968), Jowar Bhata (1969). He acted in many films such as Kokhono Asheni (1961), Jago Hua Savera (1959), Kancher Deyal (1963), Jibon Theke Neya (1970), Saat Bhai Champa (1968), 1970s In 1970 total 41 films were released. Some notable films are; Shorolipi (1970) directed by Nazrul Islam, Taka Ana Paay (1970) and Jibon Theke Neya (1970) directed by Zahir Raihan. Jibon Theke Neya (1970) is described as the example of National Cinema. There are some other notable cinema of 1970 such as Mishor Kumari (1970) by Karigir, Tansen (1970) by Rafikul Bari, Bindu Theke Britto (1970) by Rebeka, Binimoy (1970) by Subhash Dutta, Kothai Jeno Dekhechi (1970) by Nizamul Hoque. In 1971, during the liberation war, only 6 Bengali and 2 Urdu films were released. They are the ; Shorolipi by Nazrul Islam, Nacher Putul (1971) by Ashok Ghosh, Sritituku Thak (1971) by Alamgir Kumkum, Shukh Dukkho (1971) by Khan Ataur Rahman, The international acclaimed documentary Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan. After the liberation war, the East Pakistan Film Development Corporation(EPFDC) had changed into Bangladesh Film Development Corporation (BFDC). In 1972, 29 films were released. After independence, the film artists and directors started to make many many films. They made the films from anger to the Pakistani. In 1979, 51 Bengali films were released. In 1990s, every year over 90 films were being released. Ora Egaro Jon (1972) was directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam. After Independence, one of the prominent film director was Alamgir Kabir. There are some notable works of him such as Dhire Bohe Meghna (1973), Shurjo Konya (1976), Simana Periye (1977), Rupali Shoykote (1979), Mohona (1982), Porinita (1984) and Mohanayok (1985). One of the greatest films during these time was Titas Ekti Nadir naam (1973) directed by Ritwik Ghatak. Some other notable films of 1970s are Joy Bangla (1972) by Fakrul Alam, Lalon Fakir (1972) by Syed Hasan Imam, Obujh Mon (1972) by Kazi Johir,Rangbaaj (1973) by Johirul Haque, Shongram (1974) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Arunodoyer Agnishakkhi (1972), Bashundhara (1977) by Subhash Dutta, Erao Manush (1972), Alor Michil (1974), Lathial (1975) by Narayan Ghosh Mita,Beymaan (1974) by Rujul Amin, Choritrohin (1975) by Bebi Islam, Megher Onek Rong (1976) by Harunur Rashid, Jadur Banshi (1977) by Abdul Latif Bacchu, Golapi Ekhon Traine (1978) by Amjad Hossain, Sareng Bou (1978) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Oshikkhitito (1978) by Azizur Rahman, The Father (1979) by Kazi Hayat, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker. Surjo Dighal Bari was one of the important and highly international acclaimed film based on a novel of the same name by Abu Ishaque. In 1975, government had taken some steps to develop the film industry. So government had started national film award, donation fund for well and creative films. 1980s Actually 1970s and 1980s were the golden era for the Bengali cinema. At that time a lot of films were released. In this time most of the actors and actresses became popular. Abdur Razzak became the most successful actor commercially. Besides, Kabori Sarwar, Shabana, Farida Akhter Bobita, Farooque, Shabnam, Kohinoor Akhter Suchanda, Alamgir, Sohell Rana, Amol Bose, BUlbul Ahmed, Zafar Ikbal, Wasim, Ilias Kanchan, Jashim, Rozina, Parveen Sultana Diti, Champa and others were most prominent film artists. In 1980s most of the Bengali films were made influenced by Indian cinema. There were some notable Bengali cinema such as Chhutir Ghonta (1980)by Azizur Rahman, Emiler Goenda Bahini (1980) by Badal Rahman, Shoki Tumi Kar (1980), Akhoni Shomoy (1980) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Lal Shobujer Pala (1980), Obichar (1985) by Syed hasan Imam, Koshai (1980), Jonmo Theke Jolchi (1981), Bhat De (1984) by Amjad Hossain, Devdas (1982), Chandranath (1984), Shuvoda (1987) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Smriti Tumi Bedona (1980) by Dilip Shom, Mohona (1982), Porinita (1986) by Alamgir Kabir, Boro Bhalo Lok Chilo (1982) by Mohammad Mohiuddin,Puroskar (1983) by C>B Zaman, Maan Somman (1983) by A>J Mintu, Nazma (1983), Shokal Shondha (1984), Fulshojja (1986) by Subhash Dutta, Rajbari (1984) by Kazi Hayat, Griholokkhi (1984) by Kamal Ahmed, Dahan (1986) by Sheikh Niamat Ali, Shot Bhai (1985) by Abdur Razzak, Ramer Shumoti (1985) by Shahidul Amin, Rajlokkhi-Srikanto (1986) by Bulbul Ahmed, Harano Shur (1987) by Narayan Ghosh Mita, Dayi Ke (1987) by Aftab Khan Tulu, Tolpar (1988) by Kabir Anowar and Biraj Bou (1988) by Mohiuddin Faruk. Actually Parallel cinema movement started from this decade. The next decade's directors are influenced from this decade's directors works. 1990s In 1990s most of the Bengali films are copied from Indian cinema. As a result the directors lost their creativity. But some new directors came and made creative cinema. In this decade most of the films are fulled with action, dance, song and jokes. But some intellectual directors such as Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Nasiruddin Yousuff, Akhteruzzamn and Mustafizur Rahman made some international acclaimed films. Alamgir, Jashim, Ilias Kanchan Nayeem, Salman Shah are some male actors who became successful. Manna gained success through the film Danga (1991), Riaz for Praner Cheye Priyo (1997) and Omar Sani for Coolie (1997). 2000s In this decade, most of the films are made with low budget. The films are of very low quality and cheap melodrama. Some unexpected over acting and sexuality entered into the Bengali cinema. Industry started very poor business. So Bangladesh film industry lost its heritage. At last Bangladesh government helped and held film industry. It tried to bounce back after 2006-07. Besides, there are some successful films in this decade such as Monpura (2009), Priya Amar Priya (2008), Koti Takar Kabin (2006), Chacchu (2006), Khairun Sundori (2004), Amar Praner Swami (2007), Pitar Ason (2006), Tumi Swapno Tumi Shadhona (2008), Mone Prane Acho tumi (2008),Amar Shopno Tumi (2005), Bolbo Kotha Bashor Ghore (2009) and some others. Most successful films in this period starred by Shakib Khan followed by Manna. Moderately successful actors are Ferdous Ahmed and Riaz. 2010s Most of the films are made in this period with high budget. Four of the ten highly grossing films are released in 2010s. New and new production company are made. This time is very possible moment for commercial films. The production and distribution company Mon Soon Films, Zaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, Fatema Films, SK Films and some other production company are made. In this time some high grossing films became successful such as Gohine Shobdo (2010), Runway (2010), Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011), Guerrilla (2011), Television (2013), Agnee (2014), Romeo vs Juliet (2015), Jalal's Story (2015), Aynabazi (2016), Shikari (2016), Badsha The Don (2016), Dhaka Attack (2017), Nabab (2017), Boss 2 (2017), Poramon 2 (2018), Chalbaaz (2018) and some others.Top actors in this period are Shakib Khan, as well as Ananta Jalil, Arefin Shuvo, Bappy Chowdhury, Symon Sadik, Jayed Khan, Chanchal Choedhury and some others. International Acclaimed Films There are some international acclaimed films which are the best films all the time in Bangladesh. They are the; Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan, A River Called Titas (1973) by Ritwik Ghatak, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker, Song of Freedom (1995) by Tareque Masud, The Clay Bird (2002) by Tareque Masud, Chitra Nodir Pare (1999) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalsalu (2001) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalon (2004), by Tanvir Mokammel, Kittonkhola (2000) by Abu Sayeed, Shankhonad (2004) by Abu Sayeed, Rupantor (2008) by Abu Sayeed, Are You Listening! (2012) by Kamar Ahmed saimon, Aguner Poroshmoni (1994) by Humayun Ahmed, Shayamol Chhaya (2004) by Humayun Ahmed, Dupu Number Two (1996) by Morshedul Islam, Duratta (2004) by Morshedul Islam, Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011) by Morshedul Islam, Aha! (2007) by Enamul Karim Nirjhar, On the Wings of Dreams (2007)by Golam Rabbani Biplob, Monpura (2009) by Giasuddin Selim, Third Person Singular Number (2009) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Television (2013) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, No Bed of Roses by by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Joyjatra (2004) by Taukuir Ahmed, Oggyatnama (2016) by Taukuir Ahmed, Matir Projar Deshe (2016) by Bijon Imtiaz, Aynabazi (2016) by Amitabh Reza Chowdhury. Film Festival: Dhaka International Film Festival, Bangladesh Short Film Forum, International Short and Indendent Film Festival, International Children's Film Festival and some others are here in Bangladesh. Awards: 1) Bachsas Film Awards since 1972 2) National Film Awards since 1975 3) Meril Prothom Alo since 1998 4) Babisas since 2004 5) Ifad Film Club Award since 2012 6) Lux Channel I Performance Award 7) Green Bang Binodon Bichitra Performance Award Approximate number of Films are released in which year how many. 2018___ 2017___63 films 2016___58 2015___66 2014___78 2013___53 2012___51 2011___48 2010___57 2009___63 2008___67 2007___96 2006___98 2005___103 2004___88 2003___79 2002___82 2001___72 2000___99 1992___72 1990___70 1989___77 1988___65 1987___65 1986___67 1985___65 1984___53 1983___44 1982___40 1981___39 1980___47 1978___37 1977___31 1976___46 1975___34 1974___30 1973___30 1972___29 1971___8 1970___41 References: 1. Wikipedia 2. Banglapedia 3.IMDb 4.BMDb Mukh O Mukhosh (1956) Pakistan Era (1947-1971) 1) There were approximately 80 cinemas by 1947 in Bangladesh. 2) In Our Midst (1948) is a informational film directed by Nazir Ahmed. Salamot (1954) is also directed by Nazir Ahmed. 3) Appayon (1955) is created by co-operative filmmakers and Saroar Hossain. 4) In 1955, a film studio and laboratory is established in Tejgaon, Dhaka. 5) In next year, on 3 August, 1956, The Face and the Mask is released in Bangladesh. The film is directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan. He took the story from his drama (Dakat). All processing of the film is done in Lahore, Pakistan. It becomes the first Bengali language full length talkie film of Bangladesh. 6) On 27 March 1957 'The East Pakistan Film Development Corporation Bill' is introduced by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Bill was passed on 3 April, 1957 in the 'East Bengal Provincial Assembly'. All the procedures began from 19 June, 1957. Nazir Ahmed played an important role to establish FDC. Government made him creative director of FDC. 7) Asiya (1960) is directed by Fateh Lohani which got president award in 1961 as the best film. 9)East Pakistan Film Development Corporation (EPFDC) is established on 3 April, 1957. And Asiya is released in 1960. It was not EPFDC's first film. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the Earth) (1959) is the first film of EPFDC and directed by Fateh Lohani. 10) In the same year, Bengali-Urdu film 'Jago Hua Savera' 'The Day shall Dawn' (1959) is directed by the prominent director A.J. Kardar and Zahir Raihan was the assistant director of the film. The story of the film was taken from 'Padma Nadir Majhi' (The Boatman on the River Padma, 1936) by Bengali novelist Manik Bandopadhyay. The film was selected as the Pakistani entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 32nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film got 11 international awards. It was also entered into the 1st Moscow International Film festival where it won a Golden Medal. 11) Except EPFDC, there were three famous studios in Bangladesh. They were the Popular Studio, Bari Studio and Bengal Studio. 12) in 1959, only three Bengali film and one Bengali-Urdu films are released. Matir Pahar (The Clay Hill) (1959) is directed by Mohiuddin. E Desh Tomar Amar (1959) is directed by Ehtesham. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the earth) (1959) is directed by Fateh Lohani and the Bengali-Urdu film Jago Hua Savera (The Day Shall Dawn) (1959) is directed by A.J. Kardar. At that time Ehtesham made his 'Rajdhanir Buke (1960). There are some Bengali, Urdu and Hindi films in which Fateh Lohani acted such as ; Raja Elo Shohore (1964), Tanha (1964), Behula (1966), Phir Milenge Hum Dono (1966), Agun Niya Khela (1967), Julekha (1967), Atotuku Asha (1968), Momer Alo (1968), Mayer Shonshar (1969), Mishor Kumari (1970),Tansen (1970), Je Nodi Morupothe (1961), Shurjosnan (1962), Dharapat (1963) One of the most prominent film director of 1960s is Zahir Raihan. Some of his notable works are;Je Nodi Morupothe (1961) as an Assistant director, Kokhono Asheni (1961), Shonar Kajol (1962), as an associated director, Kacher Deyal (1963), Shangam (1964) the first Pakistani Color film, Bahana (1965), Behula (1966), Anowara (1967), Dui Bhai (1968), Let There Be Light (1970), Taka Ana Paay (1970), Jibon Theke Neya (1970). Jibon Theke Neya is the most important film of Zahir Raihan which has a great influence of Bangladesh Liberation War. Zahir Raihan added Amar Shonar Bangla written by Rabindranath Tagore in Jibon Theke Neya (1970) which later became the National Anthem of Bangladesh. In 1971 he made a documentary Stop Genocide on Bangladesh Liberation War. Another prominent director, film actor, producer, screenplay writer, music composer and singer is Khan Ataur Rahman. Some of his notable works are; Onek Diner Chena (1963), Raja Sanyasi (1964-65), Nawab Sirajuddaula (1967), Orun Borun Kironmala (1968), Jowar Bhata (1969). He acted in many films such as Kokhono Asheni (1961), Jago Hua Savera (1959), Kancher Deyal (1963), Jibon Theke Neya (1970), Saat Bhai Champa (1968), 1970s In 1970 total 41 films were released. Some notable films are; Shorolipi (1970) directed by Nazrul Islam, Taka Ana Paay (1970) and Jibon Theke Neya (1970) directed by Zahir Raihan. Jibon Theke Neya (1970) is described as the example of National Cinema. There are some other notable cinema of 1970 such as Mishor Kumari (1970) by Karigir, Tansen (1970) by Rafikul Bari, Bindu Theke Britto (1970) by Rebeka, Binimoy (1970) by Subhash Dutta, Kothai Jeno Dekhechi (1970) by Nizamul Hoque. In 1971, during the liberation war, only 6 Bengali and 2 Urdu films were released. They are the ; Shorolipi by Nazrul Islam, Nacher Putul (1971) by Ashok Ghosh, Sritituku Thak (1971) by Alamgir Kumkum, Shukh Dukkho (1971) by Khan Ataur Rahman, The international acclaimed documentary Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan. After the liberation war, the East Pakistan Film Development Corporation(EPFDC) had changed into Bangladesh Film Development Corporation (BFDC). In 1972, 29 films were released. After independence, the film artists and directors started to make many many films. They made the films from anger to the Pakistani. In 1979, 51 Bengali films were released. In 1990s, every year over 90 films were being released. Ora Egaro Jon (1972) was directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam. After Independence, one of the prominent film director was Alamgir Kabir. There are some notable works of him such as Dhire Bohe Meghna (1973), Shurjo Konya (1976), Simana Periye (1977), Rupali Shoykote (1979), Mohona (1982), Porinita (1984) and Mohanayok (1985). One of the greatest films during these time was Titas Ekti Nadir naam (1973) directed by Ritwik Ghatak. Some other notable films of 1970s are Joy Bangla (1972) by Fakrul Alam, Lalon Fakir (1972) by Syed Hasan Imam, Obujh Mon (1972) by Kazi Johir,Rangbaaj (1973) by Johirul Haque, Shongram (1974) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Arunodoyer Agnishakkhi (1972), Bashundhara (1977) by Subhash Dutta, Erao Manush (1972), Alor Michil (1974), Lathial (1975) by Narayan Ghosh Mita,Beymaan (1974) by Rujul Amin, Choritrohin (1975) by Bebi Islam, Megher Onek Rong (1976) by Harunur Rashid, Jadur Banshi (1977) by Abdul Latif Bacchu, Golapi Ekhon Traine (1978) by Amjad Hossain, Sareng Bou (1978) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Oshikkhitito (1978) by Azizur Rahman, The Father (1979) by Kazi Hayat, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker. Surjo Dighal Bari was one of the important and highly international acclaimed film based on a novel of the same name by Abu Ishaque. In 1975, government had taken some steps to develop the film industry. So government had started national film award, donation fund for well and creative films. 1980s Actually 1970s and 1980s were the golden era for the Bengali cinema. At that time a lot of films were released. In this time most of the actors and actresses became popular. Abdur Razzak became the most successful actor commercially. Besides, Kabori Sarwar, Shabana, Farida Akhter Bobita, Farooque, Shabnam, Kohinoor Akhter Suchanda, Alamgir, Sohell Rana, Amol Bose, BUlbul Ahmed, Zafar Ikbal, Wasim, Ilias Kanchan, Jashim, Rozina, Parveen Sultana Diti, Champa and others were most prominent film artists. In 1980s most of the Bengali films were made influenced by Indian cinema. There were some notable Bengali cinema such as Chhutir Ghonta (1980)by Azizur Rahman, Emiler Goenda Bahini (1980) by Badal Rahman, Shoki Tumi Kar (1980), Akhoni Shomoy (1980) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Lal Shobujer Pala (1980), Obichar (1985) by Syed hasan Imam, Koshai (1980), Jonmo Theke Jolchi (1981), Bhat De (1984) by Amjad Hossain, Devdas (1982), Chandranath (1984), Shuvoda (1987) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Smriti Tumi Bedona (1980) by Dilip Shom, Mohona (1982), Porinita (1986) by Alamgir Kabir, Boro Bhalo Lok Chilo (1982) by Mohammad Mohiuddin,Puroskar (1983) by C>B Zaman, Maan Somman (1983) by A>J Mintu, Nazma (1983), Shokal Shondha (1984), Fulshojja (1986) by Subhash Dutta, Rajbari (1984) by Kazi Hayat, Griholokkhi (1984) by Kamal Ahmed, Dahan (1986) by Sheikh Niamat Ali, Shot Bhai (1985) by Abdur Razzak, Ramer Shumoti (1985) by Shahidul Amin, Rajlokkhi-Srikanto (1986) by Bulbul Ahmed, Harano Shur (1987) by Narayan Ghosh Mita, Dayi Ke (1987) by Aftab Khan Tulu, Tolpar (1988) by Kabir Anowar and Biraj Bou (1988) by Mohiuddin Faruk. Actually Parallel cinema movement started from this decade. The next decade's directors are influenced from this decade's directors works. 1990s In 1990s most of the Bengali films are copied from Indian cinema. As a result the directors lost their creativity. But some new directors came and made creative cinema. In this decade most of the films are fulled with action, dance, song and jokes. But some intellectual directors such as Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Nasiruddin Yousuff, Akhteruzzamn and Mustafizur Rahman made some international acclaimed films. Alamgir, Jashim, Ilias Kanchan Nayeem, Salman Shah are some male actors who became successful. Manna gained success through the film Danga (1991), Riaz for Praner Cheye Priyo (1997) and Omar Sani for Coolie (1997). 2000s In this decade, most of the films are made with low budget. The films are of very low quality and cheap melodrama. Some unexpected over acting and sexuality entered into the Bengali cinema. Industry started very poor business. So Bangladesh film industry lost its heritage. At last Bangladesh government helped and held film industry. It tried to bounce back after 2006-07. Besides, there are some successful films in this decade such as Monpura (2009), Priya Amar Priya (2008), Koti Takar Kabin (2006), Chacchu (2006), Khairun Sundori (2004), Amar Praner Swami (2007), Pitar Ason (2006), Tumi Swapno Tumi Shadhona (2008), Mone Prane Acho tumi (2008),Amar Shopno Tumi (2005), Bolbo Kotha Bashor Ghore (2009) and some others. Most successful films in this period starred by Shakib Khan followed by Manna. Moderately successful actors are Ferdous Ahmed and Riaz. 2010s Most of the films are made in this period with high budget. Four of the ten highly grossing films are released in 2010s. New and new production company are made. This time is very possible moment for commercial films. The production and distribution company Mon Soon Films, Zaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, Fatema Films, SK Films and some other production company are made. In this time some high grossing films became successful such as Gohine Shobdo (2010), Runway (2010), Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011), Guerrilla (2011), Television (2013), Agnee (2014), Romeo vs Juliet (2015), Jalal's Story (2015), Aynabazi (2016), Shikari (2016), Badsha The Don (2016), Dhaka Attack (2017), Nabab (2017), Boss 2 (2017), Poramon 2 (2018), Chalbaaz (2018) and some others.Top actors in this period are Shakib Khan, as well as Ananta Jalil, Arefin Shuvo, Bappy Chowdhury, Symon Sadik, Jayed Khan, Chanchal Choedhury and some others. International Acclaimed Films There are some international acclaimed films which are the best films all the time in Bangladesh. They are the; Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan, A River Called Titas (1973) by Ritwik Ghatak, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker, Song of Freedom (1995) by Tareque Masud, The Clay Bird (2002) by Tareque Masud, Chitra Nodir Pare (1999) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalsalu (2001) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalon (2004), by Tanvir Mokammel, Kittonkhola (2000) by Abu Sayeed, Shankhonad (2004) by Abu Sayeed, Rupantor (2008) by Abu Sayeed, Are You Listening! (2012) by Kamar Ahmed saimon, Aguner Poroshmoni (1994) by Humayun Ahmed, Shayamol Chhaya (2004) by Humayun Ahmed, Dupu Number Two (1996) by Morshedul Islam, Duratta (2004) by Morshedul Islam, Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011) by Morshedul Islam, Aha! (2007) by Enamul Karim Nirjhar, On the Wings of Dreams (2007)by Golam Rabbani Biplob, Monpura (2009) by Giasuddin Selim, Third Person Singular Number (2009) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Television (2013) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, No Bed of Roses by by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Joyjatra (2004) by Taukuir Ahmed, Oggyatnama (2016) by Taukuir Ahmed, Matir Projar Deshe (2016) by Bijon Imtiaz, Aynabazi (2016) by Amitabh Reza Chowdhury. Film Festival: Dhaka International Film Festival, Bangladesh Short Film Forum, International Short and Indendent Film Festival, International Children's Film Festival and some others are here in Bangladesh. Awards: 1) Bachsas Film Awards since 1972 2) National Film Awards since 1975 3) Meril Prothom Alo since 1998 4) Babisas since 2004 5) Ifad Film Club Award since 2012 6) Lux Channel I Performance Award 7) Green Bang Binodon Bichitra Performance Award Approximate number of Films are released in which year how many. 2018___ 2017___63 films 2016___58 2015___66 2014___78 2013___53 2012___51 2011___48 2010___57 2009___63 2008___67 2007___96 2006___98 2005___103 2004___88 2003___79 2002___82 2001___72 2000___99 1992___72 1990___70 1989___77 1988___65 1987___65 1986___67 1985___65 1984___53 1983___44 1982___40 1981___39 1980___47 1978___37 1977___31 1976___46 1975___34 1974___30 1973___30 1972___29 1971___8 1970___41 References: 1. Wikipedia 2. Banglapedia 3.IMDb 4.BMDb
Film History of Bangladesh_BD Films Info

Bangladeshi cinema has been made based on Bengali language film industry and specially Dhaka centric. As Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. So, the film industry is also founded in Dhaka, Bangladesh.It is referred as ''Dhallywood'' which is portmanteau of the words Dhaka and Hollywood  and frequently it has been significant after 1970s.  Bangladeshi cinema has its own history and heritages. There have been created some famous directors such as Subhas Dutta, Fateh Lohani, Zahir Raihan, Khan Ataur Rahman, Ritwik Ghatak, Ehtesham, Alamgir Kabir, Chashi Nazrul Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun, Gazi, Mazharul Anwar, Sheikh Niamat Ali, Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Zahidur Rahim Anjan, Mostafa Sarwar Farooki, Kamar Ahmed Saimon, Amitabh Reza Chowdhury, Bijon Imtiaz, Fakrul Arefeen Khan, Dipankar Sengupta Dipon and some other directors who have significant contributions to Bangladeshi cinema.

Cinema was first introduced in Bangladesh in 1898 by Bradford Bioscope Company. The first production company named ''Picture House'' was opened between 1913 and 1914. A short silent film titled ''Sukumari'' (The Good Girl) was the first produced film in Bangladesh during 1928. The first full length film 'The last Kiss' was released in 1931. After the separation of India and Pakistan, Dhaka is the center of Bangladeshi cinema. The first full length Bengali language film titled ''Mukh-O-Mukhosh'' (The Face and the Mask) was directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan in 1956. Before the liberation war of Bangladesh, some movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors but it was little. After the liberation war of Bangladesh, thousand of movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors. Specially, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s are the golden years for cinema in Bangladesh. Some significant film distribution companies in Bangladesh are Jaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, The Abhi Kothachitra, Impress Telefilm limited and some others.

History

 1) On 28th December, 1895, the Lumiere Brothers began commercial bioscope shows in Paris, France
2) After 6 months, Lumiere Brothers showcased the first bioscope in the subcontinent on 7 July, 1896. They showed it for some years in Calcutta.
3) Stephen an Englishman came Dhaka and showed Bioscope around 1896 to 1897.
4) According to the weekly 'Dhaka Prokash' 17 April 1898. (3rd Boishakh, 1305 Bengali year) the first bioscope was shown at the Crown Theatre in Patuatuli, near Sadarghat of Dhaka.
5) The Bradford Bioscope Company of Calcutta arranged the shows. The shows were 2,3,4, 5 minutes and the short films were fond of news items and short features.
6) The following short films were shown at the theatre
 a) The Jubilee Michili of Queen Victoria
 b) Greek-Turkey Battle
 c) The Jump of Princes Diana from 300 feet up
 d) The Introduction of Russian Prince Jeer
 e) The work of a mad hair-cutter
 f) The game of lion and Manik
 g) The game of snow
 h) The French Underground Railway....
7) Then ticket fee was very high. it was 8 Anas to 3 Taka. Then 40 kg rice was available at 2 taka 4 Anas.
8) Hiralal Sen is the father of Bengali cinema. He is from Bogjuri village, Manikganj District, Bangladesh.He sets up ' The Royal Bioscope Company' in 1898.
9) He showed the short films at Star Theater, Minerva Theater, Classic Theater in Calcutta.
10) Thus he developed the production company in Calcutta in 1901.
11) Hiralal Sen First shot at Bogjuri village, Manikganj and it was the first shooting of Bangladesh.
12) The short films were shown in Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Hollywood and Paris.
13) The first sequential show was started in a Jute store of Argoni Tola in Dhaka during 1913 to 1914. The house is called 'The Picture House' and it was the first theater in Bangladesh.

Silent Era
1) The production company ''The Royal Bioscope Company'' is established in Calcutta in 1890s by Hiralal Sen. Thereafter in many places, he started shooting and the silent short films were shown in the above theaters.
2) Hiralal Sen himself made ''Madan theater in 1916.
3) The first feature Bengali language film ''Bill-Wamangal'' is shown in Madan Theater in Calcutta. It was directed by Rustomji Dhotiwala and released on 8 November in 1919.
4) The Indo British Film Co was formed in Calcutta and Dhirendra Nath Ganguly ( known as D.G) was the owner of the organization. He was very relative to the famous poet Rabindra Nath Tagore.
5) ''Bilat Ferat (1921) was the first production of Indo British Fim Co and it was directed and story written by D.G.
6) The first talkie film is ''Jamai Shashthi'' (1931) directed by Amar Chowdhury and it was shown in the Madan Theater.
7) The Nawab Family of Dhaka produced two films one is short and the other is full length. 'Sukumari' (1929) and 'The last Kiss' (1931) are made by the Dhaka Royal family. At that time approximately 80 theaters were in Bangladesh.
8) 'Sukumari' (1929) is created by some sportsman, dramatists and photographers. Khaza Adil, Khaza Akmol, Khaza nasirullah, khaza Azmol, Khaza Zohir, Khaza Azad, Soyod Shahebe Alam, physical teacher of Jagannath College Ombujgupta, professor of Dhaka University Andalib Shadhini and some others acted in the film. But Khaza Nosrullah is the main actor and Soyod Abdus Sobhan starred as the main actress. As then no woman could act. So, he starred as the main actress. There is no video of 'Sukumari' (1929) in Bangladesh Film Archive but only a still picture is kept in Bangladesh Film Archive.
9) The Royal Family of Dhaka directed another film 'The Last Kiss' (1931) in Dhaka. It was directed by Ambujgupta. The main actor of the film was Khaza Azmol. Though the film was silent but Ambujgupta added Bangali, English and Urdu subtitle so that the whole people of the subcontinent could enjoy it. Ambujgupta wrote Bengali and English subtitle of the film and Dr. Andalib shadhini wrote Urdu subtitle of the film.
10) The film is shown at Mukul Hall in Dhaka and in the next time the print of the film was taken to The Aurora Company in Calcutta to show big presentation. But the print was lost. The developers of the film wanted Dhaka would be developed in cinema, art, literature and production company. So, they formed a production house named 'Dhaka East Bengal Cinematograph Society' and it was the first film producing company in Bangladesh.

Bangladeshi cinema has been made based on Bengali language film industry and specially Dhaka centric. As Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. So, the film industry is also founded in Dhaka, Bangladesh.It is referred as ''Dhallywood'' which is portmanteau of the words Dhaka and Hollywood and frequently it has been significant after 1970s. Bangladeshi cinema has its own history and heritages. There have been created some famous directors such as Subhas Dutta, Fateh Lohani, Zahir Raihan, Khan Ataur Rahman, Ritwik Ghatak, Ehtesham, Alamgir Kabir, Chashi Nazrul Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun, Gazi, Mazharul Anwar, Sheikh Niamat Ali, Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Zahidur Rahim Anjan, Mostafa Sarwar Farooki, Kamar Ahmed Saimon, Amitabh Reza Chowdhury, Bijon Imtiaz, Fakrul Arefeen Khan, Dipankar Sengupta Dipon and some other directors who have significant contributions to Bangladeshi cinema. Cinema was first introduced in Bangladesh in 1898 by Bradford Bioscope Company. The first production company named ''Picture House'' was opened between 1913 and 1914. A short silent film titled ''Sukumari'' (The Good Girl) was the first produced film in Bangladesh during 1928. The first full length film 'The last Kiss' was released in 1931. After the separation of India and Pakistan, Dhaka is the center of Bangladeshi cinema. The first full length Bengali language film titled ''Mukh-O-Mukhosh'' (The Face and the Mask) was directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan in 1956. Before the liberation war of Bangladesh, some movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors but it was little. After the liberation war of Bangladesh, thousand of movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors. Specially, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s are the golden years for cinema in Bangladesh. Some significant film distribution companies in Bangladesh are Jaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, The Abhi Kothachitra, Impress Telefilm limited and some others. History 1) On 28th December, 1895, the Lumiere Brothers began commercial bioscope shows in Paris, France 2) After 6 months, Lumiere Brothers showcased the first bioscope in the subcontinent on 7 July, 1896. They showed it for some years in Calcutta. 3) Stephen an Englishman came Dhaka and showed Bioscope around 1896 to 1897. 4) According to the weekly 'Dhaka Prokash' 17 April 1898. (3rd Boishakh, 1305 Bengali year) the first bioscope was shown at the Crown Theatre in Patuatuli, near Sadarghat of Dhaka. 5) The Bradford Bioscope Company of Calcutta arranged the shows. The shows were 2,3,4, 5 minutes and the short films were fond of news items and short features. 6) The following short films were shown at the theatre a) The Jubilee Michili of Queen Victoria b) Greek-Turkey Battle c) The Jump of Princes Diana from 300 feet up d) The Introduction of Russian Prince Jeer e) The work of a mad hair-cutter f) The game of lion and Manik g) The game of snow h) The French Underground Railway.... 7) Then ticket fee was very high. it was 8 Anas to 3 Taka. Then 40 kg rice was available at 2 taka 4 Anas. 8) Hiralal Sen is the father of Bengali cinema. He is from Bogjuri village, Manikganj District, Bangladesh.He sets up ' The Royal Bioscope Company' in 1898. 9) He showed the short films at Star Theater, Minerva Theater, Classic Theater in Calcutta. 10) Thus he developed the production company in Calcutta in 1901. 11) Hiralal Sen First shot at Bogjuri village, Manikganj and it was the first shooting of Bangladesh. 12) The short films were shown in Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Hollywood and Paris. 13) The first sequential show was started in a Jute store of Argoni Tota in Dhaka during 1913 to1914. The house is called 'The Picture House' and it was the first theater in Bangladesh. Silent Era 1) The production company ''The Royal Bioscope Company'' is established in Calcutta in 1890s by Hiralal Sen. Thereafter in many places, he started shooting and the silent short films were shown in the above theaters. 2) Hiralal Sen himself made ''Madan theater in 1916. 3) The first feature Bengali language film ''Bill-Wamangal'' is shown in Madan Theater in Calcutta. It was directed by Rustomji Dhotiwala and released on 8 November in 1919. 4) The Indo British Film Co was formed in Calcutta and Dhirendra Nath Ganguly ( known as D.G) was the owner of the organization. He was very relative to the famous poet Rabindra Nath Tagore. 5) ''Bilat Ferat (1921) was the first production of Indo British Fim Co and it was directed and story written by D.G. 6) The first talkie film is ''Jamai Shashthi'' (1931) directed by Amar Chowdhury and it was shown in the Madan Theater. 7) The Nawab Family of Dhaka produced two films one is short and the other is full length. 'Sukumari' (1929) and 'The last Kiss' (1931) are made by the Dhaka Royal family. At that time approximately 80 theaters were in Bangladesh. 8) 'Sukumari' (1929) is created by some sportsman, dramatists and photographers. Khaza Adil, Khaza Akmol, Khaza nasirullah, khaza Azmol, Khaza Zohir, Khaza Azad, Soyod Shahebe Alam, physical teacher of Jagannath College Ombujgupta, professor of Dhaka University Andalib Shadhini and some others acted in the film. But Khaza Nosrullah is the main actor and Soyod Abdus Sobhan starred as the main actress. As then no woman could act. So, he starred as the main actress. There is no video of 'Sukumari' (1929) in Bangladesh Film Archive but only a still picture is kept in Bangladesh Film Archive. 9) The Royal Family of Dhaka directed another film 'The Last Kiss' (1931) in Dhaka. It was directed by Ambujgupta. The main actor of the film was Khaza Azmol. Though the film was silent but Ambujgupta added Bangali, English and Urdu subtitle so that the whole people of the subcontinent could enjoy it. Ambujgupta wrote Bengali and English subtitle of the film and Dr. Andalib shadhini wrote Urdu subtitle of the film. 10) The film is shown at Mukul Hall in Dhaka and in the next time the print of the film was taken to The Aurora Company in Calcutta to show big presentation. But the print was lost. The developers of the film wanted Dhaka would be developed in cinema, art, literature and production company. So, they formed a production house named 'Dhaka East Bengal Cinematograph Society' and it was the first film producing company in Bangladesh. Pakistan Era (1947-1971) 1) There were approximately 80 cinemas by 1947 in Bangladesh. 2) In Our Midst (1948) is a informational film directed by Nazir Ahmed. Salamot (1954) is also directed by Nazir Ahmed. 3) Appayon (1955) is created by co-operative filmmakers and Saroar Hossain. 4) In 1955, a film studio and laboratory is established in Tejgaon, Dhaka. 5) In next year, on 3 August, 1956, The Face and the Mask is released in Bangladesh. The film is directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan. He took the story from his drama (Dakat). All processing of the film is done in Lahore, Pakistan. It becomes the first Bengali language full length talkie film of Bangladesh. 6) On 27 March 1957 'The East Pakistan Film Development Corporation Bill' is introduced by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Bill was passed on 3 April, 1957 in the 'East Bengal Provincial Assembly'. All the procedures began from 19 June, 1957. Nazir Ahmed played an important role to establish FDC. Government made him creative director of FDC. 7) Asiya (1960) is directed by Fateh Lohani which got president award in 1961 as the best film. 9)East Pakistan Film Development Corporation (EPFDC) is established on 3 April, 1957. And Asiya is released in 1960. It was not EPFDC's first film. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the Earth) (1959) is the first film of EPFDC and directed by Fateh Lohani. 10) In the same year, Bengali-Urdu film 'Jago Hua Savera' 'The Day shall Dawn' (1959) is directed by the prominent director A.J. Kardar and Zahir Raihan was the assistant director of the film. The story of the film was taken from 'Padma Nadir Majhi' (The Boatman on the River Padma, 1936) by Bengali novelist Manik Bandopadhyay. The film was selected as the Pakistani entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 32nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film got 11 international awards. It was also entered into the 1st Moscow International Film festival where it won a Golden Medal. 11) Except EPFDC, there were three famous studios in Bangladesh. They were the Popular Studio, Bari Studio and Bengal Studio. 12) in 1959, only three Bengali film and one Bengali-Urdu films are released. Matir Pahar (The Clay Hill) (1959) is directed by Mohiuddin. E Desh Tomar Amar (1959) is directed by Ehtesham. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the earth) (1959) is directed by Fateh Lohani and the Bengali-Urdu film Jago Hua Savera (The Day Shall Dawn) (1959) is directed by A.J. Kardar. At that time Ehtesham made his 'Rajdhanir Buke (1960). There are some Bengali, Urdu and Hindi films in which Fateh Lohani acted such as ; Raja Elo Shohore (1964), Tanha (1964), Behula (1966), Phir Milenge Hum Dono (1966), Agun Niya Khela (1967), Julekha (1967), Atotuku Asha (1968), Momer Alo (1968), Mayer Shonshar (1969), Mishor Kumari (1970),Tansen (1970), Je Nodi Morupothe (1961), Shurjosnan (1962), Dharapat (1963) One of the most prominent film director of 1960s is Zahir Raihan. Some of his notable works are;Je Nodi Morupothe (1961) as an Assistant director, Kokhono Asheni (1961), Shonar Kajol (1962), as an associated director, Kacher Deyal (1963), Shangam (1964) the first Pakistani Color film, Bahana (1965), Behula (1966), Anowara (1967), Dui Bhai (1968), Let There Be Light (1970), Taka Ana Paay (1970), Jibon Theke Neya (1970). Jibon Theke Neya is the most important film of Zahir Raihan which has a great influence of Bangladesh Liberation War. Zahir Raihan added Amar Shonar Bangla written by Rabindranath Tagore in Jibon Theke Neya (1970) which later became the National Anthem of Bangladesh. In 1971 he made a documentary Stop Genocide on Bangladesh Liberation War. Another prominent director, film actor, producer, screenplay writer, music composer and singer is Khan Ataur Rahman. Some of his notable works are; Onek Diner Chena (1963), Raja Sanyasi (1964-65), Nawab Sirajuddaula (1967), Orun Borun Kironmala (1968), Jowar Bhata (1969). He acted in many films such as Kokhono Asheni (1961), Jago Hua Savera (1959), Kancher Deyal (1963), Jibon Theke Neya (1970), Saat Bhai Champa (1968), 1970s In 1970 total 41 films were released. Some notable films are; Shorolipi (1970) directed by Nazrul Islam, Taka Ana Paay (1970) and Jibon Theke Neya (1970) directed by Zahir Raihan. Jibon Theke Neya (1970) is described as the example of National Cinema. There are some other notable cinema of 1970 such as Mishor Kumari (1970) by Karigir, Tansen (1970) by Rafikul Bari, Bindu Theke Britto (1970) by Rebeka, Binimoy (1970) by Subhash Dutta, Kothai Jeno Dekhechi (1970) by Nizamul Hoque. In 1971, during the liberation war, only 6 Bengali and 2 Urdu films were released. They are the ; Shorolipi by Nazrul Islam, Nacher Putul (1971) by Ashok Ghosh, Sritituku Thak (1971) by Alamgir Kumkum, Shukh Dukkho (1971) by Khan Ataur Rahman, The international acclaimed documentary Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan. After the liberation war, the East Pakistan Film Development Corporation(EPFDC) had changed into Bangladesh Film Development Corporation (BFDC). In 1972, 29 films were released. After independence, the film artists and directors started to make many many films. They made the films from anger to the Pakistani. In 1979, 51 Bengali films were released. In 1990s, every year over 90 films were being released. Ora Egaro Jon (1972) was directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam. After Independence, one of the prominent film director was Alamgir Kabir. There are some notable works of him such as Dhire Bohe Meghna (1973), Shurjo Konya (1976), Simana Periye (1977), Rupali Shoykote (1979), Mohona (1982), Porinita (1984) and Mohanayok (1985). One of the greatest films during these time was Titas Ekti Nadir naam (1973) directed by Ritwik Ghatak. Some other notable films of 1970s are Joy Bangla (1972) by Fakrul Alam, Lalon Fakir (1972) by Syed Hasan Imam, Obujh Mon (1972) by Kazi Johir,Rangbaaj (1973) by Johirul Haque, Shongram (1974) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Arunodoyer Agnishakkhi (1972), Bashundhara (1977) by Subhash Dutta, Erao Manush (1972), Alor Michil (1974), Lathial (1975) by Narayan Ghosh Mita,Beymaan (1974) by Rujul Amin, Choritrohin (1975) by Bebi Islam, Megher Onek Rong (1976) by Harunur Rashid, Jadur Banshi (1977) by Abdul Latif Bacchu, Golapi Ekhon Traine (1978) by Amjad Hossain, Sareng Bou (1978) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Oshikkhitito (1978) by Azizur Rahman, The Father (1979) by Kazi Hayat, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker. Surjo Dighal Bari was one of the important and highly international acclaimed film based on a novel of the same name by Abu Ishaque. In 1975, government had taken some steps to develop the film industry. So government had started national film award, donation fund for well and creative films. 1980s Actually 1970s and 1980s were the golden era for the Bengali cinema. At that time a lot of films were released. In this time most of the actors and actresses became popular. Abdur Razzak became the most successful actor commercially. Besides, Kabori Sarwar, Shabana, Farida Akhter Bobita, Farooque, Shabnam, Kohinoor Akhter Suchanda, Alamgir, Sohell Rana, Amol Bose, BUlbul Ahmed, Zafar Ikbal, Wasim, Ilias Kanchan, Jashim, Rozina, Parveen Sultana Diti, Champa and others were most prominent film artists. In 1980s most of the Bengali films were made influenced by Indian cinema. There were some notable Bengali cinema such as Chhutir Ghonta (1980)by Azizur Rahman, Emiler Goenda Bahini (1980) by Badal Rahman, Shoki Tumi Kar (1980), Akhoni Shomoy (1980) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Lal Shobujer Pala (1980), Obichar (1985) by Syed hasan Imam, Koshai (1980), Jonmo Theke Jolchi (1981), Bhat De (1984) by Amjad Hossain, Devdas (1982), Chandranath (1984), Shuvoda (1987) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Smriti Tumi Bedona (1980) by Dilip Shom, Mohona (1982), Porinita (1986) by Alamgir Kabir, Boro Bhalo Lok Chilo (1982) by Mohammad Mohiuddin,Puroskar (1983) by C>B Zaman, Maan Somman (1983) by A>J Mintu, Nazma (1983), Shokal Shondha (1984), Fulshojja (1986) by Subhash Dutta, Rajbari (1984) by Kazi Hayat, Griholokkhi (1984) by Kamal Ahmed, Dahan (1986) by Sheikh Niamat Ali, Shot Bhai (1985) by Abdur Razzak, Ramer Shumoti (1985) by Shahidul Amin, Rajlokkhi-Srikanto (1986) by Bulbul Ahmed, Harano Shur (1987) by Narayan Ghosh Mita, Dayi Ke (1987) by Aftab Khan Tulu, Tolpar (1988) by Kabir Anowar and Biraj Bou (1988) by Mohiuddin Faruk. Actually Parallel cinema movement started from this decade. The next decade's directors are influenced from this decade's directors works. 1990s In 1990s most of the Bengali films are copied from Indian cinema. As a result the directors lost their creativity. But some new directors came and made creative cinema. In this decade most of the films are fulled with action, dance, song and jokes. But some intellectual directors such as Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Nasiruddin Yousuff, Akhteruzzamn and Mustafizur Rahman made some international acclaimed films. Alamgir, Jashim, Ilias Kanchan Nayeem, Salman Shah are some male actors who became successful. Manna gained success through the film Danga (1991), Riaz for Praner Cheye Priyo (1997) and Omar Sani for Coolie (1997). 2000s In this decade, most of the films are made with low budget. The films are of very low quality and cheap melodrama. Some unexpected over acting and sexuality entered into the Bengali cinema. Industry started very poor business. So Bangladesh film industry lost its heritage. At last Bangladesh government helped and held film industry. It tried to bounce back after 2006-07. Besides, there are some successful films in this decade such as Monpura (2009), Priya Amar Priya (2008), Koti Takar Kabin (2006), Chacchu (2006), Khairun Sundori (2004), Amar Praner Swami (2007), Pitar Ason (2006), Tumi Swapno Tumi Shadhona (2008), Mone Prane Acho tumi (2008),Amar Shopno Tumi (2005), Bolbo Kotha Bashor Ghore (2009) and some others. Most successful films in this period starred by Shakib Khan followed by Manna. Moderately successful actors are Ferdous Ahmed and Riaz. 2010s Most of the films are made in this period with high budget. Four of the ten highly grossing films are released in 2010s. New and new production company are made. This time is very possible moment for commercial films. The production and distribution company Mon Soon Films, Zaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, Fatema Films, SK Films and some other production company are made. In this time some high grossing films became successful such as Gohine Shobdo (2010), Runway (2010), Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011), Guerrilla (2011), Television (2013), Agnee (2014), Romeo vs Juliet (2015), Jalal's Story (2015), Aynabazi (2016), Shikari (2016), Badsha The Don (2016), Dhaka Attack (2017), Nabab (2017), Boss 2 (2017), Poramon 2 (2018), Chalbaaz (2018) and some others.Top actors in this period are Shakib Khan, as well as Ananta Jalil, Arefin Shuvo, Bappy Chowdhury, Symon Sadik, Jayed Khan, Chanchal Choedhury and some others. International Acclaimed Films There are some international acclaimed films which are the best films all the time in Bangladesh. They are the; Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan, A River Called Titas (1973) by Ritwik Ghatak, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker, Song of Freedom (1995) by Tareque Masud, The Clay Bird (2002) by Tareque Masud, Chitra Nodir Pare (1999) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalsalu (2001) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalon (2004), by Tanvir Mokammel, Kittonkhola (2000) by Abu Sayeed, Shankhonad (2004) by Abu Sayeed, Rupantor (2008) by Abu Sayeed, Are You Listening! (2012) by Kamar Ahmed saimon, Aguner Poroshmoni (1994) by Humayun Ahmed, Shayamol Chhaya (2004) by Humayun Ahmed, Dupu Number Two (1996) by Morshedul Islam, Duratta (2004) by Morshedul Islam, Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011) by Morshedul Islam, Aha! (2007) by Enamul Karim Nirjhar, On the Wings of Dreams (2007)by Golam Rabbani Biplob, Monpura (2009) by Giasuddin Selim, Third Person Singular Number (2009) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Television (2013) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, No Bed of Roses by by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Joyjatra (2004) by Taukuir Ahmed, Oggyatnama (2016) by Taukuir Ahmed, Matir Projar Deshe (2016) by Bijon Imtiaz, Aynabazi (2016) by Amitabh Reza Chowdhury. Film Festival: Dhaka International Film Festival, Bangladesh Short Film Forum, International Short and Indendent Film Festival, International Children's Film Festival and some others are here in Bangladesh. Awards: 1) Bachsas Film Awards since 1972 2) National Film Awards since 1975 3) Meril Prothom Alo since 1998 4) Babisas since 2004 5) Ifad Film Club Award since 2012 6) Lux Channel I Performance Award 7) Green Bang Binodon Bichitra Performance Award Approximate number of Films are released in which year how many. 2018___ 2017___63 films 2016___58 2015___66 2014___78 2013___53 2012___51 2011___48 2010___57 2009___63 2008___67 2007___96 2006___98 2005___103 2004___88 2003___79 2002___82 2001___72 2000___99 1992___72 1990___70 1989___77 1988___65 1987___65 1986___67 1985___65 1984___53 1983___44 1982___40 1981___39 1980___47 1978___37 1977___31 1976___46 1975___34 1974___30 1973___30 1972___29 1971___8 1970___41 References: 1. Wikipedia 2. Banglapedia 3.IMDb 4.BMDb Film History of Bangladesh_BD Films Info Bangladeshi cinema has been made based on Bengali language film industry and specially Dhaka centric. As Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. So, the film industry is also founded in Dhaka, Bangladesh.It is referred as ''Dhallywood'' which is portmanteau of the words Dhaka and Hollywood and frequently it has been significant after 1970s. Bangladeshi cinema has its own history and heritages. There have been created some famous directors such as Subhas Dutta, Fateh Lohani, Zahir Raihan, Khan Ataur Rahman, Ritwik Ghatak, Ehtesham, Alamgir Kabir, Chashi Nazrul Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun, Gazi, Mazharul Anwar, Sheikh Niamat Ali, Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Zahidur Rahim Anjan, Mostafa Sarwar Farooki, Kamar Ahmed Saimon, Amitabh Reza Chowdhury, Bijon Imtiaz, Fakrul Arefeen Khan, Dipankar Sengupta Dipon and some other directors who have significant contributions to Bangladeshi cinema. Cinema was first introduced in Bangladesh in 1898 by Bradford Bioscope Company. The first production company named ''Picture House'' was opened between 1913 and 1914. A short silent film titled ''Sukumari'' (The Good Girl) was the first produced film in Bangladesh during 1928. The first full length film 'The last Kiss' was released in 1931. After the separation of India and Pakistan, Dhaka is the center of Bangladeshi cinema. The first full length Bengali language film titled ''Mukh-O-Mukhosh'' (The Face and the Mask) was directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan in 1956. Before the liberation war of Bangladesh, some movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors but it was little. After the liberation war of Bangladesh, thousand of movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors. Specially, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s are the golden years for cinema in Bangladesh. Some significant film distribution companies in Bangladesh are Jaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, The Abhi Kothachitra, Impress Telefilm limited and some others. History 1) On 28th December, 1895, the Lumiere Brothers began commercial bioscope shows in Paris, France 2) After 6 months, Lumiere Brothers showcased the first bioscope in the subcontinent on 7 July, 1896. They showed it for some years in Calcutta. 3) Stephen an Englishman came Dhaka and showed Bioscope around 1896 to 1897. 4) According to the weekly 'Dhaka Prokash' 17 April 1898. (3rd Boishakh, 1305 Bengali year) the first bioscope was shown at the Crown Theatre in Patuatuli, near Sadarghat of Dhaka. 5) The Bradford Bioscope Company of Calcutta arranged the shows. The shows were 2,3,4, 5 minutes and the short films were fond of news items and short features. 6) The following short films were shown at the theatre a) The Jubilee Michili of Queen Victoria b) Greek-Turkey Battle c) The Jump of Princes Diana from 300 feet up d) The Introduction of Russian Prince Jeer e) The work of a mad hair-cutter f) The game of lion and Manik g) The game of snow h) The French Underground Railway.... 7) Then ticket fee was very high. it was 8 Anas to 3 Taka. Then 40 kg rice was available at 2 taka 4 Anas. 8) Hiralal Sen is the father of Bengali cinema. He is from Bogjuri village, Manikganj District, Bangladesh.He sets up ' The Royal Bioscope Company' in 1898. 9) He showed the short films at Star Theater, Minerva Theater, Classic Theater in Calcutta. 10) Thus he developed the production company in Calcutta in 1901. 11) Hiralal Sen First shot at Bogjuri village, Manikganj and it was the first shooting of Bangladesh. 12) The short films were shown in Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Hollywood and Paris. 13) The first sequential show was started in a Jute store of Argoni Tola in Dhaka during 1913 to1914. The house is called 'The Picture House' and it was the first theater in Bangladesh. Silent Era 1) The production company ''The Royal Bioscope Company'' is established in Calcutta in 1890s by Hiralal Sen. Thereafter in many places, he started shooting and the silent short films were shown in the above theaters. 2) Hiralal Sen himself made ''Madan theater in 1916. 3) The first feature Bengali language film ''Bill-Wamangal'' is shown in Madan Theater in Calcutta. It was directed by Rustomji Dhotiwala and released on 8 November in 1919. 4) The Indo British Film Co was formed in Calcutta and Dhirendra Nath Ganguly ( known as D.G) was the owner of the organization. He was very relative to the famous poet Rabindra Nath Tagore. 5) ''Bilat Ferat (1921) was the first production of Indo British Fim Co and it was directed and story written by D.G. 6) The first talkie film is ''Jamai Shashthi'' (1931) directed by Amar Chowdhury and it was shown in the Madan Theater. 7) The Nawab Family of Dhaka produced two films one is short and the other is full length. 'Sukumari' (1929) and 'The last Kiss' (1931) are made by the Dhaka Royal family. At that time approximately 80 theaters were in Bangladesh. 8) 'Sukumari' (1929) is created by some sportsman, dramatists and photographers. Khaza Adil, Khaza Akmol, Khaza nasirullah, khaza Azmol, Khaza Zohir, Khaza Azad, Soyod Shahebe Alam, physical teacher of Jagannath College Ombujgupta, professor of Dhaka University Andalib Shadhini and some others acted in the film. But Khaza Nosrullah is the main actor and Soyod Abdus Sobhan starred as the main actress. As then no woman could act. So, he starred as the main actress. There is no video of 'Sukumari' (1929) in Bangladesh Film Archive but only a still picture is kept in Bangladesh Film Archive. 9) The Royal Family of Dhaka directed another film 'The Last Kiss' (1931) in Dhaka. It was directed by Ambujgupta. The main actor of the film was Khaza Azmol. Though the film was silent but Ambujgupta added Bangali, English and Urdu subtitle so that the whole people of the subcontinent could enjoy it. Ambujgupta wrote Bengali and English subtitle of the film and Dr. Andalib shadhini wrote Urdu subtitle of the film. 10) The film is shown at Mukul Hall in Dhaka and in the next time the print of the film was taken to The Aurora Company in Calcutta to show big presentation. But the print was lost. The developers of the film wanted Dhaka would be developed in cinema, art, literature and production company. So, they formed a production house named 'Dhaka East Bengal Cinematograph Society' and it was the first film producing company in Bangladesh. Bangladeshi cinema has been made based on Bengali language film industry and specially Dhaka centric. As Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. So, the film industry is also founded in Dhaka, Bangladesh.It is referred as ''Dhallywood'' which is portmanteau of the words Dhaka and Hollywood and frequently it has been significant after 1970s. Bangladeshi cinema has its own history and heritages. There have been created some famous directors such as Subhas Dutta, Fateh Lohani, Zahir Raihan, Khan Ataur Rahman, Ritwik Ghatak, Ehtesham, Alamgir Kabir, Chashi Nazrul Islam, Abdullah Al Mamun, Gazi, Mazharul Anwar, Sheikh Niamat Ali, Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Zahidur Rahim Anjan, Mostafa Sarwar Farooki, Kamar Ahmed Saimon, Amitabh Reza Chowdhury, Bijon Imtiaz, Fakrul Arefeen Khan, Dipankar Sengupta Dipon and some other directors who have significant contributions to Bangladeshi cinema. Cinema was first introduced in Bangladesh in 1898 by Bradford Bioscope Company. The first production company named ''Picture House'' was opened between 1913 and 1914. A short silent film titled ''Sukumari'' (The Good Girl) was the first produced film in Bangladesh during 1928. The first full length film 'The last Kiss' was released in 1931. After the separation of India and Pakistan, Dhaka is the center of Bangladeshi cinema. The first full length Bengali language film titled ''Mukh-O-Mukhosh'' (The Face and the Mask) was directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan in 1956. Before the liberation war of Bangladesh, some movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors but it was little. After the liberation war of Bangladesh, thousand of movies are directed by the Bangladeshi directors. Specially, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s are the golden years for cinema in Bangladesh. Some significant film distribution companies in Bangladesh are Jaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, The Abhi Kothachitra, Impress Telefilm limited and some others. History 1) On 28th December, 1895, the Lumiere Brothers began commercial bioscope shows in Paris, France 2) After 6 months, Lumiere Brothers showcased the first bioscope in the subcontinent on 7 July, 1896. They showed it for some years in Calcutta. 3) Stephen an Englishman came Dhaka and showed Bioscope around 1896 to 1897. 4) According to the weekly 'Dhaka Prokash' 17 April 1898. (3rd Boishakh, 1305 Bengali year) the first bioscope was shown at the Crown Theatre in Patuatuli, near Sadarghat of Dhaka. 5) The Bradford Bioscope Company of Calcutta arranged the shows. The shows were 2,3,4, 5 minutes and the short films were fond of news items and short features. 6) The following short films were shown at the theatre a) The Jubilee Michili of Queen Victoria b) Greek-Turkey Battle c) The Jump of Princes Diana from 300 feet up d) The Introduction of Russian Prince Jeer e) The work of a mad hair-cutter f) The game of lion and Manik g) The game of snow h) The French Underground Railway.... 7) Then ticket fee was very high. it was 8 Anas to 3 Taka. Then 40 kg rice was available at 2 taka 4 Anas. 8) Hiralal Sen is the father of Bengali cinema. He is from Bogjuri village, Manikganj District, Bangladesh.He sets up ' The Royal Bioscope Company' in 1898. 9) He showed the short films at Star Theater, Minerva Theater, Classic Theater in Calcutta. 10) Thus he developed the production company in Calcutta in 1901. 11) Hiralal Sen First shot at Bogjuri village, Manikganj and it was the first shooting of Bangladesh. 12) The short films were shown in Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Hollywood and Paris. 13) The first sequential show was started in a Jute store of Argoni Tota in Dhaka during 1913 to1914. The house is called 'The Picture House' and it was the first theater in Bangladesh. Silent Era 1) The production company ''The Royal Bioscope Company'' is established in Calcutta in 1890s by Hiralal Sen. Thereafter in many places, he started shooting and the silent short films were shown in the above theaters. 2) Hiralal Sen himself made ''Madan theater in 1916. 3) The first feature Bengali language film ''Bill-Wamangal'' is shown in Madan Theater in Calcutta. It was directed by Rustomji Dhotiwala and released on 8 November in 1919. 4) The Indo British Film Co was formed in Calcutta and Dhirendra Nath Ganguly ( known as D.G) was the owner of the organization. He was very relative to the famous poet Rabindra Nath Tagore. 5) ''Bilat Ferat (1921) was the first production of Indo British Fim Co and it was directed and story written by D.G. 6) The first talkie film is ''Jamai Shashthi'' (1931) directed by Amar Chowdhury and it was shown in the Madan Theater. 7) The Nawab Family of Dhaka produced two films one is short and the other is full length. 'Sukumari' (1929) and 'The last Kiss' (1931) are made by the Dhaka Royal family. At that time approximately 80 theaters were in Bangladesh. 8) 'Sukumari' (1929) is created by some sportsman, dramatists and photographers. Khaza Adil, Khaza Akmol, Khaza nasirullah, khaza Azmol, Khaza Zohir, Khaza Azad, Soyod Shahebe Alam, physical teacher of Jagannath College Ombujgupta, professor of Dhaka University Andalib Shadhini and some others acted in the film. But Khaza Nosrullah is the main actor and Soyod Abdus Sobhan starred as the main actress. As then no woman could act. So, he starred as the main actress. There is no video of 'Sukumari' (1929) in Bangladesh Film Archive but only a still picture is kept in Bangladesh Film Archive. 9) The Royal Family of Dhaka directed another film 'The Last Kiss' (1931) in Dhaka. It was directed by Ambujgupta. The main actor of the film was Khaza Azmol. Though the film was silent but Ambujgupta added Bangali, English and Urdu subtitle so that the whole people of the subcontinent could enjoy it. Ambujgupta wrote Bengali and English subtitle of the film and Dr. Andalib shadhini wrote Urdu subtitle of the film. 10) The film is shown at Mukul Hall in Dhaka and in the next time the print of the film was taken to The Aurora Company in Calcutta to show big presentation. But the print was lost. The developers of the film wanted Dhaka would be developed in cinema, art, literature and production company. So, they formed a production house named 'Dhaka East Bengal Cinematograph Society' and it was the first film producing company in Bangladesh. Pakistan Era (1947-1971) 1) There were approximately 80 cinemas by 1947 in Bangladesh. 2) In Our Midst (1948) is a informational film directed by Nazir Ahmed. Salamot (1954) is also directed by Nazir Ahmed. 3) Appayon (1955) is created by co-operative filmmakers and Saroar Hossain. 4) In 1955, a film studio and laboratory is established in Tejgaon, Dhaka. 5) In next year, on 3 August, 1956, The Face and the Mask is released in Bangladesh. The film is directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan. He took the story from his drama (Dakat). All processing of the film is done in Lahore, Pakistan. It becomes the first Bengali language full length talkie film of Bangladesh. 6) On 27 March 1957 'The East Pakistan Film Development Corporation Bill' is introduced by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Bill was passed on 3 April, 1957 in the 'East Bengal Provincial Assembly'. All the procedures began from 19 June, 1957. Nazir Ahmed played an important role to establish FDC. Government made him creative director of FDC. 7) Asiya (1960) is directed by Fateh Lohani which got president award in 1961 as the best film. 9)East Pakistan Film Development Corporation (EPFDC) is established on 3 April, 1957. And Asiya is released in 1960. It was not EPFDC's first film. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the Earth) (1959) is the first film of EPFDC and directed by Fateh Lohani. 10) In the same year, Bengali-Urdu film 'Jago Hua Savera' 'The Day shall Dawn' (1959) is directed by the prominent director A.J. Kardar and Zahir Raihan was the assistant director of the film. The story of the film was taken from 'Padma Nadir Majhi' (The Boatman on the River Padma, 1936) by Bengali novelist Manik Bandopadhyay. The film was selected as the Pakistani entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 32nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film got 11 international awards. It was also entered into the 1st Moscow International Film festival where it won a Golden Medal. 11) Except EPFDC, there were three famous studios in Bangladesh. They were the Popular Studio, Bari Studio and Bengal Studio. 12) in 1959, only three Bengali film and one Bengali-Urdu films are released. Matir Pahar (The Clay Hill) (1959) is directed by Mohiuddin. E Desh Tomar Amar (1959) is directed by Ehtesham. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the earth) (1959) is directed by Fateh Lohani and the Bengali-Urdu film Jago Hua Savera (The Day Shall Dawn) (1959) is directed by A.J. Kardar. At that time Ehtesham made his 'Rajdhanir Buke (1960). There are some Bengali, Urdu and Hindi films in which Fateh Lohani acted such as ; Raja Elo Shohore (1964), Tanha (1964), Behula (1966), Phir Milenge Hum Dono (1966), Agun Niya Khela (1967), Julekha (1967), Atotuku Asha (1968), Momer Alo (1968), Mayer Shonshar (1969), Mishor Kumari (1970),Tansen (1970), Je Nodi Morupothe (1961), Shurjosnan (1962), Dharapat (1963) One of the most prominent film director of 1960s is Zahir Raihan. Some of his notable works are;Je Nodi Morupothe (1961) as an Assistant director, Kokhono Asheni (1961), Shonar Kajol (1962), as an associated director, Kacher Deyal (1963), Shangam (1964) the first Pakistani Color film, Bahana (1965), Behula (1966), Anowara (1967), Dui Bhai (1968), Let There Be Light (1970), Taka Ana Paay (1970), Jibon Theke Neya (1970). Jibon Theke Neya is the most important film of Zahir Raihan which has a great influence of Bangladesh Liberation War. Zahir Raihan added Amar Shonar Bangla written by Rabindranath Tagore in Jibon Theke Neya (1970) which later became the National Anthem of Bangladesh. In 1971 he made a documentary Stop Genocide on Bangladesh Liberation War. Another prominent director, film actor, producer, screenplay writer, music composer and singer is Khan Ataur Rahman. Some of his notable works are; Onek Diner Chena (1963), Raja Sanyasi (1964-65), Nawab Sirajuddaula (1967), Orun Borun Kironmala (1968), Jowar Bhata (1969). He acted in many films such as Kokhono Asheni (1961), Jago Hua Savera (1959), Kancher Deyal (1963), Jibon Theke Neya (1970), Saat Bhai Champa (1968), 1970s In 1970 total 41 films were released. Some notable films are; Shorolipi (1970) directed by Nazrul Islam, Taka Ana Paay (1970) and Jibon Theke Neya (1970) directed by Zahir Raihan. Jibon Theke Neya (1970) is described as the example of National Cinema. There are some other notable cinema of 1970 such as Mishor Kumari (1970) by Karigir, Tansen (1970) by Rafikul Bari, Bindu Theke Britto (1970) by Rebeka, Binimoy (1970) by Subhash Dutta, Kothai Jeno Dekhechi (1970) by Nizamul Hoque. In 1971, during the liberation war, only 6 Bengali and 2 Urdu films were released. They are the ; Shorolipi by Nazrul Islam, Nacher Putul (1971) by Ashok Ghosh, Sritituku Thak (1971) by Alamgir Kumkum, Shukh Dukkho (1971) by Khan Ataur Rahman, The international acclaimed documentary Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan. After the liberation war, the East Pakistan Film Development Corporation(EPFDC) had changed into Bangladesh Film Development Corporation (BFDC). In 1972, 29 films were released. After independence, the film artists and directors started to make many many films. They made the films from anger to the Pakistani. In 1979, 51 Bengali films were released. In 1990s, every year over 90 films were being released. Ora Egaro Jon (1972) was directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam. After Independence, one of the prominent film director was Alamgir Kabir. There are some notable works of him such as Dhire Bohe Meghna (1973), Shurjo Konya (1976), Simana Periye (1977), Rupali Shoykote (1979), Mohona (1982), Porinita (1984) and Mohanayok (1985). One of the greatest films during these time was Titas Ekti Nadir naam (1973) directed by Ritwik Ghatak. Some other notable films of 1970s are Joy Bangla (1972) by Fakrul Alam, Lalon Fakir (1972) by Syed Hasan Imam, Obujh Mon (1972) by Kazi Johir,Rangbaaj (1973) by Johirul Haque, Shongram (1974) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Arunodoyer Agnishakkhi (1972), Bashundhara (1977) by Subhash Dutta, Erao Manush (1972), Alor Michil (1974), Lathial (1975) by Narayan Ghosh Mita,Beymaan (1974) by Rujul Amin, Choritrohin (1975) by Bebi Islam, Megher Onek Rong (1976) by Harunur Rashid, Jadur Banshi (1977) by Abdul Latif Bacchu, Golapi Ekhon Traine (1978) by Amjad Hossain, Sareng Bou (1978) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Oshikkhitito (1978) by Azizur Rahman, The Father (1979) by Kazi Hayat, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker. Surjo Dighal Bari was one of the important and highly international acclaimed film based on a novel of the same name by Abu Ishaque. In 1975, government had taken some steps to develop the film industry. So government had started national film award, donation fund for well and creative films. 1980s Actually 1970s and 1980s were the golden era for the Bengali cinema. At that time a lot of films were released. In this time most of the actors and actresses became popular. Abdur Razzak became the most successful actor commercially. Besides, Kabori Sarwar, Shabana, Farida Akhter Bobita, Farooque, Shabnam, Kohinoor Akhter Suchanda, Alamgir, Sohell Rana, Amol Bose, BUlbul Ahmed, Zafar Ikbal, Wasim, Ilias Kanchan, Jashim, Rozina, Parveen Sultana Diti, Champa and others were most prominent film artists. In 1980s most of the Bengali films were made influenced by Indian cinema. There were some notable Bengali cinema such as Chhutir Ghonta (1980)by Azizur Rahman, Emiler Goenda Bahini (1980) by Badal Rahman, Shoki Tumi Kar (1980), Akhoni Shomoy (1980) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Lal Shobujer Pala (1980), Obichar (1985) by Syed hasan Imam, Koshai (1980), Jonmo Theke Jolchi (1981), Bhat De (1984) by Amjad Hossain, Devdas (1982), Chandranath (1984), Shuvoda (1987) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Smriti Tumi Bedona (1980) by Dilip Shom, Mohona (1982), Porinita (1986) by Alamgir Kabir, Boro Bhalo Lok Chilo (1982) by Mohammad Mohiuddin,Puroskar (1983) by C>B Zaman, Maan Somman (1983) by A>J Mintu, Nazma (1983), Shokal Shondha (1984), Fulshojja (1986) by Subhash Dutta, Rajbari (1984) by Kazi Hayat, Griholokkhi (1984) by Kamal Ahmed, Dahan (1986) by Sheikh Niamat Ali, Shot Bhai (1985) by Abdur Razzak, Ramer Shumoti (1985) by Shahidul Amin, Rajlokkhi-Srikanto (1986) by Bulbul Ahmed, Harano Shur (1987) by Narayan Ghosh Mita, Dayi Ke (1987) by Aftab Khan Tulu, Tolpar (1988) by Kabir Anowar and Biraj Bou (1988) by Mohiuddin Faruk. Actually Parallel cinema movement started from this decade. The next decade's directors are influenced from this decade's directors works. 1990s In 1990s most of the Bengali films are copied from Indian cinema. As a result the directors lost their creativity. But some new directors came and made creative cinema. In this decade most of the films are fulled with action, dance, song and jokes. But some intellectual directors such as Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Nasiruddin Yousuff, Akhteruzzamn and Mustafizur Rahman made some international acclaimed films. Alamgir, Jashim, Ilias Kanchan Nayeem, Salman Shah are some male actors who became successful. Manna gained success through the film Danga (1991), Riaz for Praner Cheye Priyo (1997) and Omar Sani for Coolie (1997). 2000s In this decade, most of the films are made with low budget. The films are of very low quality and cheap melodrama. Some unexpected over acting and sexuality entered into the Bengali cinema. Industry started very poor business. So Bangladesh film industry lost its heritage. At last Bangladesh government helped and held film industry. It tried to bounce back after 2006-07. Besides, there are some successful films in this decade such as Monpura (2009), Priya Amar Priya (2008), Koti Takar Kabin (2006), Chacchu (2006), Khairun Sundori (2004), Amar Praner Swami (2007), Pitar Ason (2006), Tumi Swapno Tumi Shadhona (2008), Mone Prane Acho tumi (2008),Amar Shopno Tumi (2005), Bolbo Kotha Bashor Ghore (2009) and some others. Most successful films in this period starred by Shakib Khan followed by Manna. Moderately successful actors are Ferdous Ahmed and Riaz. 2010s Most of the films are made in this period with high budget. Four of the ten highly grossing films are released in 2010s. New and new production company are made. This time is very possible moment for commercial films. The production and distribution company Mon Soon Films, Zaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, Fatema Films, SK Films and some other production company are made. In this time some high grossing films became successful such as Gohine Shobdo (2010), Runway (2010), Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011), Guerrilla (2011), Television (2013), Agnee (2014), Romeo vs Juliet (2015), Jalal's Story (2015), Aynabazi (2016), Shikari (2016), Badsha The Don (2016), Dhaka Attack (2017), Nabab (2017), Boss 2 (2017), Poramon 2 (2018), Chalbaaz (2018) and some others.Top actors in this period are Shakib Khan, as well as Ananta Jalil, Arefin Shuvo, Bappy Chowdhury, Symon Sadik, Jayed Khan, Chanchal Choedhury and some others. International Acclaimed Films There are some international acclaimed films which are the best films all the time in Bangladesh. They are the; Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan, A River Called Titas (1973) by Ritwik Ghatak, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker, Song of Freedom (1995) by Tareque Masud, The Clay Bird (2002) by Tareque Masud, Chitra Nodir Pare (1999) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalsalu (2001) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalon (2004), by Tanvir Mokammel, Kittonkhola (2000) by Abu Sayeed, Shankhonad (2004) by Abu Sayeed, Rupantor (2008) by Abu Sayeed, Are You Listening! (2012) by Kamar Ahmed saimon, Aguner Poroshmoni (1994) by Humayun Ahmed, Shayamol Chhaya (2004) by Humayun Ahmed, Dupu Number Two (1996) by Morshedul Islam, Duratta (2004) by Morshedul Islam, Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011) by Morshedul Islam, Aha! (2007) by Enamul Karim Nirjhar, On the Wings of Dreams (2007)by Golam Rabbani Biplob, Monpura (2009) by Giasuddin Selim, Third Person Singular Number (2009) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Television (2013) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, No Bed of Roses by by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Joyjatra (2004) by Taukuir Ahmed, Oggyatnama (2016) by Taukuir Ahmed, Matir Projar Deshe (2016) by Bijon Imtiaz, Aynabazi (2016) by Amitabh Reza Chowdhury. Film Festival: Dhaka International Film Festival, Bangladesh Short Film Forum, International Short and Indendent Film Festival, International Children's Film Festival and some others are here in Bangladesh. Awards: 1) Bachsas Film Awards since 1972 2) National Film Awards since 1975 3) Meril Prothom Alo since 1998 4) Babisas since 2004 5) Ifad Film Club Award since 2012 6) Lux Channel I Performance Award 7) Green Bang Binodon Bichitra Performance Award Approximate number of Films are released in which year how many. 2018___ 2017___63 films 2016___58 2015___66 2014___78 2013___53 2012___51 2011___48 2010___57 2009___63 2008___67 2007___96 2006___98 2005___103 2004___88 2003___79 2002___82 2001___72 2000___99 1992___72 1990___70 1989___77 1988___65 1987___65 1986___67 1985___65 1984___53 1983___44 1982___40 1981___39 1980___47 1978___37 1977___31 1976___46 1975___34 1974___30 1973___30 1972___29 1971___8 1970___41 References: 1. Wikipedia 2. Banglapedia 3.IMDb 4.BMDb Mukh O Mukhosh (1956) Pakistan Era (1947-1971) 1) There were approximately 80 cinemas by 1947 in Bangladesh. 2) In Our Midst (1948) is a informational film directed by Nazir Ahmed. Salamot (1954) is also directed by Nazir Ahmed. 3) Appayon (1955) is created by co-operative filmmakers and Saroar Hossain. 4) In 1955, a film studio and laboratory is established in Tejgaon, Dhaka. 5) In next year, on 3 August, 1956, The Face and the Mask is released in Bangladesh. The film is directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan. He took the story from his drama (Dakat). All processing of the film is done in Lahore, Pakistan. It becomes the first Bengali language full length talkie film of Bangladesh. 6) On 27 March 1957 'The East Pakistan Film Development Corporation Bill' is introduced by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Bill was passed on 3 April, 1957 in the 'East Bengal Provincial Assembly'. All the procedures began from 19 June, 1957. Nazir Ahmed played an important role to establish FDC. Government made him creative director of FDC. 7) Asiya (1960) is directed by Fateh Lohani which got president award in 1961 as the best film. 9)East Pakistan Film Development Corporation (EPFDC) is established on 3 April, 1957. And Asiya is released in 1960. It was not EPFDC's first film. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the Earth) (1959) is the first film of EPFDC and directed by Fateh Lohani. 10) In the same year, Bengali-Urdu film 'Jago Hua Savera' 'The Day shall Dawn' (1959) is directed by the prominent director A.J. Kardar and Zahir Raihan was the assistant director of the film. The story of the film was taken from 'Padma Nadir Majhi' (The Boatman on the River Padma, 1936) by Bengali novelist Manik Bandopadhyay. The film was selected as the Pakistani entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 32nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film got 11 international awards. It was also entered into the 1st Moscow International Film festival where it won a Golden Medal. 11) Except EPFDC, there were three famous studios in Bangladesh. They were the Popular Studio, Bari Studio and Bengal Studio. 12) in 1959, only three Bengali film and one Bengali-Urdu films are released. Matir Pahar (The Clay Hill) (1959) is directed by Mohiuddin. E Desh Tomar Amar (1959) is directed by Ehtesham. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the earth) (1959) is directed by Fateh Lohani and the Bengali-Urdu film Jago Hua Savera (The Day Shall Dawn) (1959) is directed by A.J. Kardar. At that time Ehtesham made his 'Rajdhanir Buke (1960). There are some Bengali, Urdu and Hindi films in which Fateh Lohani acted such as ; Raja Elo Shohore (1964), Tanha (1964), Behula (1966), Phir Milenge Hum Dono (1966), Agun Niya Khela (1967), Julekha (1967), Atotuku Asha (1968), Momer Alo (1968), Mayer Shonshar (1969), Mishor Kumari (1970),Tansen (1970), Je Nodi Morupothe (1961), Shurjosnan (1962), Dharapat (1963) One of the most prominent film director of 1960s is Zahir Raihan. Some of his notable works are;Je Nodi Morupothe (1961) as an Assistant director, Kokhono Asheni (1961), Shonar Kajol (1962), as an associated director, Kacher Deyal (1963), Shangam (1964) the first Pakistani Color film, Bahana (1965), Behula (1966), Anowara (1967), Dui Bhai (1968), Let There Be Light (1970), Taka Ana Paay (1970), Jibon Theke Neya (1970). Jibon Theke Neya is the most important film of Zahir Raihan which has a great influence of Bangladesh Liberation War. Zahir Raihan added Amar Shonar Bangla written by Rabindranath Tagore in Jibon Theke Neya (1970) which later became the National Anthem of Bangladesh. In 1971 he made a documentary Stop Genocide on Bangladesh Liberation War. Another prominent director, film actor, producer, screenplay writer, music composer and singer is Khan Ataur Rahman. Some of his notable works are; Onek Diner Chena (1963), Raja Sanyasi (1964-65), Nawab Sirajuddaula (1967), Orun Borun Kironmala (1968), Jowar Bhata (1969). He acted in many films such as Kokhono Asheni (1961), Jago Hua Savera (1959), Kancher Deyal (1963), Jibon Theke Neya (1970), Saat Bhai Champa (1968), 1970s In 1970 total 41 films were released. Some notable films are; Shorolipi (1970) directed by Nazrul Islam, Taka Ana Paay (1970) and Jibon Theke Neya (1970) directed by Zahir Raihan. Jibon Theke Neya (1970) is described as the example of National Cinema. There are some other notable cinema of 1970 such as Mishor Kumari (1970) by Karigir, Tansen (1970) by Rafikul Bari, Bindu Theke Britto (1970) by Rebeka, Binimoy (1970) by Subhash Dutta, Kothai Jeno Dekhechi (1970) by Nizamul Hoque. In 1971, during the liberation war, only 6 Bengali and 2 Urdu films were released. They are the ; Shorolipi by Nazrul Islam, Nacher Putul (1971) by Ashok Ghosh, Sritituku Thak (1971) by Alamgir Kumkum, Shukh Dukkho (1971) by Khan Ataur Rahman, The international acclaimed documentary Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan. After the liberation war, the East Pakistan Film Development Corporation(EPFDC) had changed into Bangladesh Film Development Corporation (BFDC). In 1972, 29 films were released. After independence, the film artists and directors started to make many many films. They made the films from anger to the Pakistani. In 1979, 51 Bengali films were released. In 1990s, every year over 90 films were being released. Ora Egaro Jon (1972) was directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam. After Independence, one of the prominent film director was Alamgir Kabir. There are some notable works of him such as Dhire Bohe Meghna (1973), Shurjo Konya (1976), Simana Periye (1977), Rupali Shoykote (1979), Mohona (1982), Porinita (1984) and Mohanayok (1985). One of the greatest films during these time was Titas Ekti Nadir naam (1973) directed by Ritwik Ghatak. Some other notable films of 1970s are Joy Bangla (1972) by Fakrul Alam, Lalon Fakir (1972) by Syed Hasan Imam, Obujh Mon (1972) by Kazi Johir,Rangbaaj (1973) by Johirul Haque, Shongram (1974) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Arunodoyer Agnishakkhi (1972), Bashundhara (1977) by Subhash Dutta, Erao Manush (1972), Alor Michil (1974), Lathial (1975) by Narayan Ghosh Mita,Beymaan (1974) by Rujul Amin, Choritrohin (1975) by Bebi Islam, Megher Onek Rong (1976) by Harunur Rashid, Jadur Banshi (1977) by Abdul Latif Bacchu, Golapi Ekhon Traine (1978) by Amjad Hossain, Sareng Bou (1978) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Oshikkhitito (1978) by Azizur Rahman, The Father (1979) by Kazi Hayat, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker. Surjo Dighal Bari was one of the important and highly international acclaimed film based on a novel of the same name by Abu Ishaque. In 1975, government had taken some steps to develop the film industry. So government had started national film award, donation fund for well and creative films. 1980s Actually 1970s and 1980s were the golden era for the Bengali cinema. At that time a lot of films were released. In this time most of the actors and actresses became popular. Abdur Razzak became the most successful actor commercially. Besides, Kabori Sarwar, Shabana, Farida Akhter Bobita, Farooque, Shabnam, Kohinoor Akhter Suchanda, Alamgir, Sohell Rana, Amol Bose, BUlbul Ahmed, Zafar Ikbal, Wasim, Ilias Kanchan, Jashim, Rozina, Parveen Sultana Diti, Champa and others were most prominent film artists. In 1980s most of the Bengali films were made influenced by Indian cinema. There were some notable Bengali cinema such as Chhutir Ghonta (1980)by Azizur Rahman, Emiler Goenda Bahini (1980) by Badal Rahman, Shoki Tumi Kar (1980), Akhoni Shomoy (1980) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Lal Shobujer Pala (1980), Obichar (1985) by Syed hasan Imam, Koshai (1980), Jonmo Theke Jolchi (1981), Bhat De (1984) by Amjad Hossain, Devdas (1982), Chandranath (1984), Shuvoda (1987) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Smriti Tumi Bedona (1980) by Dilip Shom, Mohona (1982), Porinita (1986) by Alamgir Kabir, Boro Bhalo Lok Chilo (1982) by Mohammad Mohiuddin,Puroskar (1983) by C>B Zaman, Maan Somman (1983) by A>J Mintu, Nazma (1983), Shokal Shondha (1984), Fulshojja (1986) by Subhash Dutta, Rajbari (1984) by Kazi Hayat, Griholokkhi (1984) by Kamal Ahmed, Dahan (1986) by Sheikh Niamat Ali, Shot Bhai (1985) by Abdur Razzak, Ramer Shumoti (1985) by Shahidul Amin, Rajlokkhi-Srikanto (1986) by Bulbul Ahmed, Harano Shur (1987) by Narayan Ghosh Mita, Dayi Ke (1987) by Aftab Khan Tulu, Tolpar (1988) by Kabir Anowar and Biraj Bou (1988) by Mohiuddin Faruk. Actually Parallel cinema movement started from this decade. The next decade's directors are influenced from this decade's directors works. 1990s In 1990s most of the Bengali films are copied from Indian cinema. As a result the directors lost their creativity. But some new directors came and made creative cinema. In this decade most of the films are fulled with action, dance, song and jokes. But some intellectual directors such as Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Nasiruddin Yousuff, Akhteruzzamn and Mustafizur Rahman made some international acclaimed films. Alamgir, Jashim, Ilias Kanchan Nayeem, Salman Shah are some male actors who became successful. Manna gained success through the film Danga (1991), Riaz for Praner Cheye Priyo (1997) and Omar Sani for Coolie (1997). 2000s In this decade, most of the films are made with low budget. The films are of very low quality and cheap melodrama. Some unexpected over acting and sexuality entered into the Bengali cinema. Industry started very poor business. So Bangladesh film industry lost its heritage. At last Bangladesh government helped and held film industry. It tried to bounce back after 2006-07. Besides, there are some successful films in this decade such as Monpura (2009), Priya Amar Priya (2008), Koti Takar Kabin (2006), Chacchu (2006), Khairun Sundori (2004), Amar Praner Swami (2007), Pitar Ason (2006), Tumi Swapno Tumi Shadhona (2008), Mone Prane Acho tumi (2008),Amar Shopno Tumi (2005), Bolbo Kotha Bashor Ghore (2009) and some others. Most successful films in this period starred by Shakib Khan followed by Manna. Moderately successful actors are Ferdous Ahmed and Riaz. 2010s Most of the films are made in this period with high budget. Four of the ten highly grossing films are released in 2010s. New and new production company are made. This time is very possible moment for commercial films. The production and distribution company Mon Soon Films, Zaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, Fatema Films, SK Films and some other production company are made. In this time some high grossing films became successful such as Gohine Shobdo (2010), Runway (2010), Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011), Guerrilla (2011), Television (2013), Agnee (2014), Romeo vs Juliet (2015), Jalal's Story (2015), Aynabazi (2016), Shikari (2016), Badsha The Don (2016), Dhaka Attack (2017), Nabab (2017), Boss 2 (2017), Poramon 2 (2018), Chalbaaz (2018) and some others.Top actors in this period are Shakib Khan, as well as Ananta Jalil, Arefin Shuvo, Bappy Chowdhury, Symon Sadik, Jayed Khan, Chanchal Choedhury and some others. International Acclaimed Films There are some international acclaimed films which are the best films all the time in Bangladesh. They are the; Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan, A River Called Titas (1973) by Ritwik Ghatak, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker, Song of Freedom (1995) by Tareque Masud, The Clay Bird (2002) by Tareque Masud, Chitra Nodir Pare (1999) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalsalu (2001) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalon (2004), by Tanvir Mokammel, Kittonkhola (2000) by Abu Sayeed, Shankhonad (2004) by Abu Sayeed, Rupantor (2008) by Abu Sayeed, Are You Listening! (2012) by Kamar Ahmed saimon, Aguner Poroshmoni (1994) by Humayun Ahmed, Shayamol Chhaya (2004) by Humayun Ahmed, Dupu Number Two (1996) by Morshedul Islam, Duratta (2004) by Morshedul Islam, Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011) by Morshedul Islam, Aha! (2007) by Enamul Karim Nirjhar, On the Wings of Dreams (2007)by Golam Rabbani Biplob, Monpura (2009) by Giasuddin Selim, Third Person Singular Number (2009) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Television (2013) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, No Bed of Roses by by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Joyjatra (2004) by Taukuir Ahmed, Oggyatnama (2016) by Taukuir Ahmed, Matir Projar Deshe (2016) by Bijon Imtiaz, Aynabazi (2016) by Amitabh Reza Chowdhury. Film Festival: Dhaka International Film Festival, Bangladesh Short Film Forum, International Short and Indendent Film Festival, International Children's Film Festival and some others are here in Bangladesh. Awards: 1) Bachsas Film Awards since 1972 2) National Film Awards since 1975 3) Meril Prothom Alo since 1998 4) Babisas since 2004 5) Ifad Film Club Award since 2012 6) Lux Channel I Performance Award 7) Green Bang Binodon Bichitra Performance Award Approximate number of Films are released in which year how many. 2018___ 2017___63 films 2016___58 2015___66 2014___78 2013___53 2012___51 2011___48 2010___57 2009___63 2008___67 2007___96 2006___98 2005___103 2004___88 2003___79 2002___82 2001___72 2000___99 1992___72 1990___70 1989___77 1988___65 1987___65 1986___67 1985___65 1984___53 1983___44 1982___40 1981___39 1980___47 1978___37 1977___31 1976___46 1975___34 1974___30 1973___30 1972___29 1971___8 1970___41 References: 1. Wikipedia 2. Banglapedia 3.IMDb 4.BMDb
Mukh O Mukhosh (1956)

Pakistan Era (1947-1971)

 1) There were approximately 80 cinemas by 1947 in Bangladesh.
2) In Our Midst (1948) is a informational film directed by Nazir Ahmed. Salamot (1954) is also directed by Nazir Ahmed.
3) Appayon (1955) is created by co-operative filmmakers and Saroar Hossain.
4) In 1955, a film studio and laboratory is established in Tejgaon, Dhaka.
5) In next year, on 3 August, 1956, The Face and the Mask is released in Bangladesh. The film is directed by Abdul Jabbar Khan. He took the story from his drama (Dakat). All processing of the film is done in Lahore, Pakistan. It becomes the first Bengali language full length talkie film of Bangladesh.
6) On 27 March 1957 'The East Pakistan Film Development Corporation Bill' is introduced by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Bill was passed on 3 April, 1957 in the 'East Bengal Provincial Assembly'. All the procedures began from 19 June, 1957. Nazir Ahmed played an important role to establish FDC. Government made him creative director of FDC.
7) Asiya (1960) is directed by Fateh Lohani which got president award in 1961 as the best film.
9)East Pakistan Film Development Corporation (EPFDC) is established on 3 April, 1957. And Asiya is released in 1960. It was not EPFDC's first film. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the Earth) (1959) is the first film of EPFDC and directed by Fateh Lohani.
10) In the same year, Bengali-Urdu film 'Jago Hua Savera' 'The Day shall Dawn' (1959) is directed by the prominent director A.J. Kardar and Zahir Raihan was the assistant director of the film. The story of the film was taken from 'Padma Nadir Majhi' (The Boatman on the River Padma, 1936) by Bengali novelist Manik Bandopadhyay. The film was selected as the Pakistani entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 32nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film got 11 international awards. It was also entered into the 1st Moscow International Film festival where it won a Golden Medal.
11) Except EPFDC, there were three famous studios in Bangladesh. They were the Popular Studio, Bari Studio and Bengal Studio.
12) in 1959, only three Bengali film and one Bengali-Urdu films are released. Matir Pahar (The Clay Hill) (1959) is directed by Mohiuddin. E Desh Tomar Amar (1959) is directed by Ehtesham. Akash Ar Mati (The Sky and the earth) (1959) is directed by Fateh Lohani and the Bengali-Urdu film Jago Hua Savera (The Day Shall Dawn) (1959) is directed by A.J. Kardar.

At that time Ehtesham made his 'Rajdhanir Buke (1960). There are some Bengali, Urdu and Hindi films in which Fateh Lohani acted such as ; Raja Elo Shohore (1964), Tanha (1964), Behula (1966), Phir Milenge Hum Dono (1966), Agun Niya Khela (1967), Julekha (1967), Atotuku Asha (1968), Momer Alo (1968), Mayer Shonshar (1969), Mishor Kumari (1970),Tansen (1970), Je Nodi Morupothe (1961), Shurjosnan (1962), Dharapat (1963)
One of the most prominent film director of 1960s is Zahir Raihan. Some of his notable works are;Je Nodi Morupothe (1961) as an Assistant director, Kokhono Asheni (1961), Shonar Kajol (1962), as an associated director, Kacher Deyal (1963), Shangam (1964) the first Pakistani Color film, Bahana (1965), Behula (1966), Anowara (1967), Dui Bhai (1968), Let There Be Light (1970), Taka Ana Paay (1970), Jibon Theke Neya (1970). Jibon Theke Neya is the most important film of Zahir Raihan which has a great influence of Bangladesh Liberation War. Zahir Raihan added Amar Shonar Bangla written by Rabindranath Tagore in Jibon Theke Neya (1970) which later became the National Anthem of Bangladesh. In 1971 he made a documentary Stop Genocide on Bangladesh Liberation War.
Another prominent director, film actor, producer, screenplay writer, music composer and singer is Khan Ataur Rahman. Some of his notable works are; Onek Diner Chena (1963), Raja Sanyasi (1964-65), Nawab Sirajuddaula (1967), Orun Borun Kironmala (1968), Jowar Bhata (1969). He acted in many films such as Kokhono Asheni (1961), Jago Hua Savera (1959), Kancher Deyal (1963), Jibon Theke Neya (1970), Saat Bhai Champa (1968),

1970s 
In 1970 total  41 films were released. Some notable films are; Shorolipi (1970) directed by Nazrul Islam, Taka Ana Paay (1970) and Jibon Theke Neya (1970) directed by Zahir Raihan. Jibon Theke Neya (1970) is described as the example of National Cinema. There are some other notable cinema of 1970 such as Mishor Kumari (1970) by Karigir, Tansen (1970) by Rafikul Bari, Bindu Theke Britto (1970) by Rebeka, Binimoy (1970) by Subhash Dutta, Kothai Jeno Dekhechi (1970) by Nizamul Hoque.
In 1971, during the liberation war, only 6 Bengali and 2 Urdu films were released. They are the ; Shorolipi by Nazrul Islam, Nacher Putul (1971) by Ashok Ghosh, Sritituku Thak (1971) by Alamgir Kumkum, Shukh Dukkho (1971) by Khan Ataur Rahman, The international acclaimed documentary Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan.
After the liberation war, the East Pakistan Film Development Corporation(EPFDC) had changed into Bangladesh Film Development Corporation (BFDC). In 1972, 29 films were released. After independence, the film artists and directors started to make many many films. They made the films from anger to the Pakistani. In 1979, 51 Bengali films were released. In 1990s, every year over 90 films were being released. Ora Egaro Jon (1972) was directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam.
After Independence, one of the prominent film director was Alamgir Kabir. There are some notable works of him such as Dhire Bohe Meghna (1973), Shurjo Konya (1976), Simana Periye (1977), Rupali Shoykote (1979), Mohona (1982), Porinita (1984) and Mohanayok (1985). One of the greatest films during these time was Titas Ekti Nadir naam (1973) directed by Ritwik Ghatak. Some other notable films of 1970s are Joy Bangla (1972) by Fakrul Alam, Lalon Fakir (1972) by Syed Hasan Imam, Obujh Mon (1972) by Kazi Johir,Rangbaaj (1973) by Johirul Haque,  Shongram (1974) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Arunodoyer Agnishakkhi (1972), Bashundhara (1977) by Subhash Dutta, Erao Manush (1972), Alor Michil (1974), Lathial (1975) by Narayan Ghosh Mita,Beymaan (1974) by Rujul Amin, Choritrohin (1975) by Bebi Islam, Megher Onek Rong (1976) by Harunur Rashid, Jadur Banshi (1977) by Abdul Latif Bacchu, Golapi Ekhon Traine (1978) by Amjad Hossain, Sareng Bou (1978) by Abdullah Al Mamun,  Oshikkhitito (1978) by Azizur Rahman, The Father (1979) by Kazi Hayat, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker. Surjo Dighal Bari was one of the important and highly international acclaimed film based on a novel of the same name by Abu Ishaque. In 1975, government had taken some steps to develop the film industry. So government had started national film award, donation fund for well and creative films.
1980s
Actually 1970s and 1980s were the golden era for the Bengali cinema. At that time a lot of films were released. In this time most of the actors and actresses became popular. Abdur Razzak became the most successful actor commercially. Besides, Kabori Sarwar, Shabana, Farida Akhter Bobita, Farooque, Shabnam, Kohinoor Akhter Suchanda, Alamgir, Sohell Rana, Amol Bose, BUlbul Ahmed, Zafar Ikbal, Wasim, Ilias Kanchan, Jashim, Rozina, Parveen Sultana Diti, Champa and others were most prominent film artists.
In 1980s most of the Bengali films were made influenced by Indian cinema. There were some notable Bengali cinema such as Chhutir Ghonta (1980)by Azizur Rahman, Emiler Goenda Bahini (1980) by Badal Rahman, Shoki Tumi Kar (1980), Akhoni Shomoy (1980) by Abdullah Al Mamun, Lal Shobujer Pala (1980), Obichar (1985) by Syed hasan Imam, Koshai (1980), Jonmo Theke Jolchi (1981), Bhat De (1984) by Amjad Hossain, Devdas (1982), Chandranath (1984), Shuvoda (1987) by Chashi Nazrul Islam, Smriti Tumi Bedona (1980) by Dilip Shom, Mohona (1982), Porinita (1986) by Alamgir Kabir, Boro Bhalo Lok Chilo (1982) by Mohammad  Mohiuddin,Puroskar (1983) by C>B Zaman, Maan Somman (1983) by A>J Mintu, Nazma (1983), Shokal Shondha (1984), Fulshojja (1986) by Subhash Dutta, Rajbari (1984) by Kazi Hayat, Griholokkhi (1984) by Kamal Ahmed, Dahan (1986) by Sheikh Niamat Ali, Shot Bhai (1985) by Abdur Razzak, Ramer Shumoti (1985) by Shahidul Amin, Rajlokkhi-Srikanto (1986) by Bulbul Ahmed, Harano Shur (1987) by Narayan Ghosh Mita, Dayi Ke (1987) by Aftab Khan Tulu, Tolpar (1988) by Kabir Anowar and Biraj Bou (1988) by Mohiuddin Faruk.
Actually Parallel cinema movement started from this decade. The next decade's directors are influenced from this decade's directors works.
1990s
In 1990s most of the Bengali films are copied from Indian cinema. As a result the directors lost their creativity. But some new directors came and made creative cinema. In this decade most of the films are fulled with action, dance, song and jokes. But some intellectual directors such as Tanvir Mokammel, Tareque Masud, Morshedul Islam, Humayun Ahmed, Nasiruddin Yousuff, Akhteruzzamn and Mustafizur Rahman made some international acclaimed films.
Alamgir, Jashim, Ilias Kanchan Nayeem, Salman Shah are some male actors who became successful. Manna gained success through the film Danga (1991), Riaz for Praner Cheye Priyo (1997) and Omar Sani for Coolie (1997).

2000s
In this decade, most of the films are made with low budget. The films are of very low quality and cheap melodrama. Some unexpected over acting and sexuality entered into the Bengali cinema. Industry started very poor business. So Bangladesh film industry lost its heritage. At last Bangladesh government helped and held film industry. It tried to bounce back after 2006-07. Besides, there are some successful films in this decade such as Monpura (2009), Priya Amar Priya (2008), Koti Takar Kabin (2006), Chacchu (2006), Khairun Sundori (2004), Amar Praner Swami (2007), Pitar Ason (2006), Tumi Swapno Tumi Shadhona (2008), Mone Prane Acho tumi (2008),Amar Shopno Tumi (2005), Bolbo Kotha Bashor Ghore (2009) and some others. Most successful films in this period starred by Shakib Khan followed by Manna. Moderately successful actors are Ferdous Ahmed and Riaz.
2010s
Most of the films are made in this period with high budget. Four of the ten highly grossing films are released in 2010s. New and new production company are made. This time is very possible moment for commercial films. The production and distribution company Mon Soon Films, Zaaz Multimedia, Tiger Media Limited, Fatema Films, SK Films and some other production company are made. In this time some high grossing films became successful such as Gohine Shobdo (2010), Runway (2010), Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011), Guerrilla (2011), Television (2013), Agnee (2014), Romeo vs Juliet (2015), Jalal's Story (2015), Aynabazi (2016), Shikari (2016), Badsha The Don (2016), Dhaka Attack (2017), Nabab (2017), Boss 2 (2017), Poramon 2 (2018), Chalbaaz (2018) and some others.Top actors in this period are Shakib Khan, as well as Ananta Jalil, Arefin Shuvo, Bappy Chowdhury, Symon Sadik, Jayed Khan, Chanchal Choedhury and some others.

International Acclaimed Films
There are some international acclaimed films which are the best films all the time in Bangladesh. They are the; Stop Genocide (1971) by Zahir Raihan, A River Called Titas (1973) by Ritwik Ghatak, Surjo Dighal Bari (1979) by Sheikh Niamat Ali and Moshiuddin Shaker, Song of Freedom (1995) by Tareque Masud, The Clay Bird (2002) by Tareque Masud, Chitra Nodir Pare (1999) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalsalu (2001) by Tanvir Mokammel, Lalon (2004), by Tanvir Mokammel, Kittonkhola (2000) by Abu Sayeed, Shankhonad (2004) by Abu Sayeed, Rupantor (2008) by Abu Sayeed, Are You Listening! (2012) by Kamar Ahmed saimon, Aguner Poroshmoni (1994) by Humayun Ahmed, Shayamol Chhaya (2004) by Humayun Ahmed, Dupu Number Two (1996) by Morshedul Islam, Duratta (2004) by Morshedul Islam, Amar Bondhu Rashed (2011) by Morshedul Islam, Aha! (2007) by Enamul Karim Nirjhar, On the Wings of Dreams (2007)by Golam Rabbani Biplob, Monpura (2009) by Giasuddin Selim, Third Person Singular Number (2009) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Television (2013) by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, No Bed of Roses by by Mostofa sarwar Farooki, Joyjatra (2004) by Taukuir Ahmed, Oggyatnama (2016) by Taukuir Ahmed, Matir Projar Deshe (2016) by Bijon Imtiaz, Aynabazi (2016) by Amitabh Reza Chowdhury.

Film Festival:
Dhaka International Film Festival, Bangladesh Short Film Forum, International Short and Indendent Film Festival, International Children's Film Festival and some others are here in Bangladesh.

Awards:
1) Bachsas Film Awards since 1972
2) National Film Awards since 1975
3) Meril Prothom Alo     since 1998
4) Babisas                       since 2004
5) Ifad Film Club Award since 2012
6) Lux Channel I Performance Award
7) Green Bang Binodon Bichitra Performance Award

Approximate number of Films are released in which year how many.
2018___
2017___63 films
2016___58
2015___66
2014___78
2013___53
2012___51
2011___48
2010___57
2009___63
2008___67
2007___96
2006___98
2005___103
2004___88
2003___79
2002___82
2001___72
2000___99
1992___72
1990___70
1989___77
1988___65
1987___65
1986___67
1985___65
1984___53
1983___44
1982___40
1981___39
1980___47
1978___37
1977___31
1976___46
1975___34
1974___30
1973___30
1972___29
1971___8
1970___41

References:
1. Wikipedia
2. Banglapedia
3.IMDb
4.BMDb


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